Abstract-Tracking-based approaches for abandoned object detection often become unreliable in complex surveillance videos due to occlusions, lighting changes, and other factors. We present a new framework to robustly and efficiently detect abandoned and removed objects based on background subtraction and foreground analysis with complement of tracking to reduce false positives. In our system, the background is modeled by three Gaussian mixtures. In order to handle complex situations, several improvements are implemented for shadow removal, quick lighting change adaptation, fragment reduction, and keeping a stable update rate for video streams with different frame rates. Then, the same Gaussian mixture models used for background subtraction are employed to detect static foreground regions without extra computation cost. Furthermore, the types of the static regions (abandoned or removed) are determined by using a method that exploits context information about the foreground masks, which significantly outperforms previous edge-based techniques. Based on the type of the static regions and userdefined parameters (e.g., object size and abandoned time), a matching method is proposed to detect abandoned and removed objects. A person-detection process is also integrated to distinguish static objects from stationary people. The robustness and efficiency of the proposed method is tested on IBM Smart Surveillance Solutions for public safety applications in big cities and evaluated by several public databases such as i-Lids and PETS2006 datasets. The test and evaluation demonstrate our method is efficient to run in real-time while being robust to quick lighting changes and occlusions in complex environments.

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Curcumol has been proved to possess antitumor effects in vivo and in vitro in several cancers. Previously, we have found that curcumol induced apoptosis in CNE-2 cells, but its underlying mechanism has not yet been studied well. Recently, our team clarified that curcumol inhibited colorectal cancer cells' growth partially through insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF-1R) pathway. Given the key importance of IGF-1R pathway in tumorigenesis, we want to explore whether curcumol effects on nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) cells relates to IGF-1R and its downstream pathway inactivation. In this study, we found that curcumol inhibited IGF-1R and p-Akt expression in a dose- and time-dependent way. In addition, it also regulated their downstream GSK-3β's activity in CNE-2 cells, which further triggering alterations in the expression of cycle- and apoptosis-related molecules, and then leading to G0/G1-phase arrest and apoptosis. Moreover, curcumol's effect on CNE-2 cells was partly eliminated by IGF-1R's agonist IGF-1. In conclusion, our findings indicated that the inhibitory effect of curcumol on proliferation of NPC cells is related to the inhibition of IGF-1R and its downstream PI3K/Akt/GSK-3β pathway.

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Triple cation perovskite photodetectors with different feature bandgaps were stacked and sealed for multi-color fluorescence detection. Fluorescence consisting of different wavelength photons could be absorbed sequentially by the corresponding layers...

The prevalence of fear of movement (kinesiophobia) in persistent pain ranges from 50 to 70%, and it may hinder the subsequent rehabilitation interventions. Therefore, the evaluation of fear of movement/(re)injury plays a crucial role in making clinical treatment decisions conducive to the promotion of rehabilitation and prognosis. In the decision-making process of pain treatment, the assessment of fear of movement/(re)injury is mainly completed by scale/questionnaire. Scale/questionnaire is the most widely used instrument for measuring fear of movement/(re)injury in the decision-making process of pain treatment. At present, the most commonly used scale/questionnaire are the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia (TSK), the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ), the Kinesiophobia Causes Scale (KCS), the Athlete Fear-Avoidance Questionnaire (AFAQ), and the Fear-Avoidance Components Scale (FACS). In order to provide necessary tools and references for related research and rehabilitation treatment, this descriptive review is designed as an introduction to the background and content, score system, available language versions, variants of the original questionnaire, and psychometric properties of these scales/questionnaries.

Oleanolic acid (OA), a pentacyclic triterpene, is used to safely and economically treat hepatopathy. However, OA, a Biopharmaceutics Classification System IV category drug, has low bioavailability owing to low solubility (<1 μg/mL) and biomembrane permeability. We developed a novel OA nanoparticle (OA-NP)-loaded lactoferrin (Lf) nanodelivery system with enhanced in vitro OA dissolution and improved oral absorption and bioavailability. The OA-NPs were prepared using NP albumin-bound technology and characterized using dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, and in vitro dissolution test. The in vivo pharmacokinetics was investigated in Sprague Dawley rats using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. OA-NPs (OA:Lf =1:6, w/w%) exhibited spherical morphology, 202.2±8.3 nm particle size, +(27.1±0.32) mV ζ potential, 92.59%±3.24% encapsulation efficiency, and desirable in vitro release profiles. An effective in vivo bioavailability (340.59%) was achieved compared to the free drug following oral administration to rats. The Lf novel nanodelivery vehicle enhanced the dissolution rate, intestinal absorption, and bioavailability of OA. These results demonstrate that Lf NPs are a new strategy for improving oral absorption and bioavailability of poorly soluble and poorly absorbed drugs.