Itay Goldstein has been retained by a law firm as an expert on a case involving a liquidity crisis and government intervention in a European bank. This case has not influenced the research in this paper, and the research in this paper has not influenced the case. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Bureau of Economic Research.NBER working papers are circulated for discussion and comment purposes. They have not been peer-reviewed or been subject to the review by the NBER Board of Directors that accompanies official NBER publications.
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