A facile fabrication strategy of transparent and upconversion photoluminescent nylon 6 (PA6) nanofiber mats was developed based on PA6 nanofiber mats, carboxylic acid-functionalized upconversion nanoparticles (UCNP-COOH), and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) solution. UCNP-COOH were prepared by a solvothermal method, followed by the ligand exchange process. The electrospinning method and the spin-coating process were employed to combine PA6 nanofiber mats with UCNP-COOH and PMMA to introduce upconversion photoluminescent properties and transparency into the nanocomposite mats, respectively. The prepared UCNP-COOH/PA6/PMMA nanofiber mats are transparent and exhibit green emission, which are similar to UCNP-COOH when they were excited under 980 nm laser. The upconversion luminescent intensity of the functional nanofiber mats can be tailored by adjusting the weight fraction of UCNP-COOH as fillers. This facile strategy can be readily used to other types of intriguing nanocomposites for diverse applications.

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