“…In addition to these SiO 2 -based materials, a number of other nanoparticles have been modified using surface-initiated O-ATRP. These include ceria nanoparticles, nanodiamond, rare earth doped upconversion nanoparticles, magnetic Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles, , ferroelectric BaTiO 3 nanoparticles, cellulose nanocrystals, and Eu 3+ doped luminescent hydroxyapatite. − In particular, the functionalization of hydroxyapatite nanorods by O-ATRP has received considerable attention, with target applications including biological imaging and drug delivery. Often, surface functionalization of the nanorods is used to improve their solubility and cell-uptake properties, with the most common monomer being PEG methacrylate (Figure ).…”