The substitution patterns in fluorinated tetraphenylethenes affect the emission properties, mechano- and thermofluorochromism, compared to those of the parent TPE.
Polymer
dots with nonconjugated groups that are facile to synthesize
and environmentally friendly generally attract substantial interest.
However, their fluorescence-emitting mechanisms are not clear. In
this paper, nonconjugated polymer dots (N-PDs) are synthesized by
amidation reaction between polyethylenimine (PEI) and citric acid
(CA), then self-assemble into rice-like dots in aqueous phase with
a high fluorescence quantum yield. Such nitrogen-containing nonconjugated
compounds N-PDs are believed to be inherently fluorescent, and the
reported reasons for fluorescence-emitting are discussed. Importantly,
these N-PDs can be used as an excellent fluorescent probe to detect
Cu2+ and ClO– in aqueous solutions. Cu2+ could combine with the PEI moiety of the N-PDs to form a
copper amine complex and then quench the fluorescence by an internal
filtration effect. ClO– could oxidize the hydroxyl
groups on the surface of the N-PDs to form a positive charge, blocking
electron transfer between the hydroxyl groups and the chromophore
groups. Finally, the sensor was successfully applied to the detection
of Cu2+ and ClO– in environmental water
samples.
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