An RCT on the efficacy of hypnosis in improving adherence to antituberculosis treatment using the Health Belief Model (HBM). Sixty study subjects were sampled at random from tuberculosis patients who visited the Center for Pulmonary Community Health in Solo, Indonesia. Hypnotherapy with posthypnotic suggestions was delivered once a week over 6 months. The data on pretested 7 HBM constructs were analyzed using t test and path analysis. Hypnotherapy had a positive effect on perceived susceptibility, seriousness, threat, benefit, and self-efficacy. It indirectly had a positive effect on adherence. Hypnotherapy had a negative effect on perceived barrier. This study supports the hypothesis that hypnotherapy effectively improves adherence to tuberculosis treatment, by enhancing health-related perception and beliefs in the HBM.

Background: Asphyxia neonatorum is the condition of an infant who does not breathe spontaneously and regularly immediately after birth. This condition is accompanied by hypoxia, hypercapnia, and ends with acidosis. Long-standing asphyxia can cause brain damage and death. This study aimed to investigate risk factors of asphyxia in Nganjuk Hospital, East Java. Subjects and Method: This was an analytic observational study with a case control design. The study was conducted in Nganjuk Hospital, East Java, in July 2018. A total sample of 150 neonates was selected by fixed disease sampling, consisting of 50 neonates with asphyxia and 1oo neonates without asphyxia. The dependent variable was asphyxia. The independent variables were low birth weight, preterm birth, and pre eclampsia. The data were obtained from medical record and analyzed by a multiple logistic regression. Results: The risk of asphyxia increased with low birth weight (OR= 2.58; 95% CI = 3.80 to 46.15; p<0.001), premature birth (OR= 1.27; 95% CI= 1.23 to 10.25; p= 0.019), and pre-eclampsia (OR= 3.74; 95% CI= 12.54 to 141.05; p <0.001). Conclusions:The risk of asphyxia increases with low birth weight, premature birth, and preeclampsia.

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) was an infectious disease which was still a health problem worldwide, including in Indonesia, which only had a population of around 261 million. The purpose of this study was to analyze biological and social economic determinants of adherence and cure of TB treatment. Subjects and Method:This was an analytic observational study with a case control design. The study was conducted in Bantul, Yogyakarta, from April to May 2019. A sample of 225 TB patients was selected by random sampling. The dependent variable was adherence and cure of TB treatment. The independent variables were age, gender, education, family income, nutritional status, healthy behavior, complication, family support, drug taking supervisor, drug taking adherence, environment, and smoking. The data were collected by questionnaire and analyzed by path analysis. Results: Adherence and cure of TB treatment was directly increased with good nutritional status (b= 076; 95% CI= 0.03 to 1.49; p= 0.042), drug taking adherence (b= 3.67; 95% CI= 1.47 to 5.92; p= 0.001), drug taking supervisor (b= 3.64; 95% CI= 1.26 to 6.02; p= 0.003), strong family support (b= 2.03; 95% CI= -3.85 to -0.21; p= 0.029), and healthy physical environment (b= 4.05; 95% CI= -0.09 to 8.20; p= 0.056). Adherence and cure of TB treatment was directly decreased with age ≥65 years old (b= -0.54; 95% CI= -1.85 to 0.75; p= 0.411), female gender (b= -0.05; 95% CI= -0.86 to 0.76; p= 0.900), unhealthy behavior (b= -3.20; 95% CI= -5.02 to -1.36; p= 0.001), smoking (b= -1.50; 95% CI= -2.56 to -0.43; p= 0.006), complication (b= -1.41; 95% CI= -2.60 to -0.23; p= 0.019). It was indirectly affected by nutritional status, education, family income, and healthy environment. Conclusions: Adherence and cure of TB treatment is directly increased with good nutritional status, drug taking adherence, drug taking supervisor, strong family support, and healthy physical environment. Adherence and cure of TB treatment is directly decreased with age ≥65 years old, female gender, unhealthy behavior, smoking, complication. It is indirectly affected by nutritional status, education, family income, and healthy environment.

Background: Anxiety can have a negative impact on mothers and infants. Anxiety can cause prematurity, impaired motor development, mental and emotional development of children. This study aimed to examine efficacy of yoga on reducing anxiety in pregnant women. Subjects and Method: This was a meta-analysis. As many as 6 randomized control trials (RCT) were extracted from Pubmed, Science Direct, Springer, Proquest, and Cochrane databases. A sample of 426 pregnant women who took yoga exercises for 4-12 weeks was selected for this study. The data were analyzed in RevMan 5.3. Results: Yoga exercise reduce anxiety in pregnant women (SMD= -0.48; 95% CI= -0.92 to -0.03; p= 0.030). Conclusion:Yoga is effective to reduce anxiety in pregnant women.

Background: The use of gadgets in early childhood can affect the mental and physical development of children. The Indonesian Pediatric Association (IDAI) estimates that 5-10% of children experience developmental delays. Children's development is influenced by environmental factors, parents, nutritional status, and the use of gadgets. This study aimed to analyze the effect of gadget use on child development in Melawi, West Kalimantan, using path analysis model. Subjects and Method: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Melawi, West Kalimantan, Indonesia, from August to September 2019. A total 200 children aged 3 to 5 years old was selected by fixed exposure sampling. The dependent variable was child development. The independent variables were gadget usage, maternal age, maternal education, maternal employment, family income, number of children, and family type. The data were collected by questionnaire. The data were analyzed by path analysis run on Stata 13. Results: Child development was directly and positively affected by maternal aged ≥20 years old (b= 1.52; 95% CI= -0.29 to 3.35; p= 0.101), high maternal education (b=2.53; 95% CI=1.23 to 3.84; p<0.001), family income ≥Rp 2,288,000 (b= 1.38; 95% CI= 0.01 to 2.77; p= 0.049), and core family type (b= 1.61; 95% CI= 0.43 to 2.80; p= 0.008). Child development was directly and negatively affected by gadget use (b= -2.74; 95% CI= -3.99 to -1.49; p<0.001), mother working outside the house (b= -1.98; 95% CI= -3.06 to -0.90; p<0.001), and number of children >2 (b= -2.48; 95% CI= -3.67 to -1.29; p<0.001). Child development was indirectly affected by maternal education and maternal employment. Conclusion: Child development is directly and positively affected by maternal aged ≥20 years old, high maternal education, high family income, and core family type. Child development is directly and negatively affected by gadget use, mother working outside the house, and number of children >2. Child development is indirectly affected by maternal education and maternal employment.

Background: Sleep is a state of natural rest for the body that must be fulfilled every day. Sleep patterns of each individual are always different depending on age, lifestyle, environment, activities and health conditions. This study aims to analyze the primary study of the effectiveness of lavender aromatherapy to improve sleep quality in pregnant women with a meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis with PICO as follows Population: pregnant women, Intervention: Giving lavender aromatherapy, Comparison: No aromatherapy given Outcome: Sleep quality. The articles used in this study were obtained from three databases, namely: Google Scholar, Pubmed, Science Direct with a time span between 2015-2022. The keywords used are "Lavender aromatherapy effect OR improving the quality of sleep AND pregnant AND Randomized Controlled Trials". The articles were provided in full text in English and Indonesian, with a Randomized Controlled Trial study design and reporting on the Mean and SD in a multivariate analysis. The selection of articles was done by using a prism flow diagram. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 aplikasi application. Results: A total of 9 randomized controlled trials originating from Iran and Indonesia were selected for a systematic review and meta-analysis. The data collected showed the effectiveness of aromatherapy on improving sleep quality in pregnant women was 0.38 times that of pregnant women who were not given aromatherapy (SMD= 0.38; 95% CI= 0.38 to 0.55) and statistically significant p=0.004. Conclusion: Giving lavender aromatherapy can improve sleep quality in pregnant women.

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Background: World data shows that depression has a 50% higher percentage to accur in women due to hormonal, genetic, psychosocial and social stress changes. World data also shows that 13% of postpartum women experience depression. In developing countries, postpartum depression was high, which is at 19.8%. One of the risk factors that influence the occurrence of postpartum depression is unplanned pregnancy. This study aims to estimate the magnitude of the effect of unplanned pregnancy on postpartum depression based on a number of previous similar studies. Subjects and Method: This was a systematic review and meta-analysis. The articles used in this study were obtained from several databases, including PubMed, Google Scholar, and Springer Link. The articles used in this research were articles published from 2005-2020. The article search was carried out by considering the eligibility criteria defined using PICO. The population in this study included postpartum mothers with intervention, namely unplanned pregnancy, the comparison namely planned pregnancy and the outcome was postpartum depression. The keywords to look for articles were: "unplanned Pregnancy" AND "postpartum depression OR" postnatal depression" "unplanned pregnancy" AND "postpartum depression" AND "adjusted odds ratio". The articles included in this study were full text articles with an observational study design. Articles were collected using PRISMA flow diagrams. Articles were analyzed using the Review Manager 5.3 application. Results: There are 17 articles reviewed in this study. Meta-analysis of 4 cohort studies show that unplanned pregnancy increased the risk of postpartum depression (aOR= 1.27; 95% CI= 1.09 to 1.47; p <0.001). A meta-analysis of 13 cross-sectional studies show that unplanned pregnancy increased the risk of postpartum depression (aOR= 2.28; 95% CI= 1.67 to 3.12; p <0.001). Conclusion:An unplanned pregnancy increases the risk of postpartum depression.