The development of pesantren from time to time illustrates its significant role within communities. Its dynamic development appears clearly as a result of its ability to adapt into the external condition. Its communities are well-known with their social skills in dealing with external culture that comes from all types of challenges coming from outside. Pesantren has an internal mechanism to adapt into a new trend, due to the development of its function and differentiation. The empirical experiences show the ability of four imperative functions of pesantren, namely: high ability to adapt into the external world, wideranging goal achievement, integrative ability of unifying the unique aspects of pesantren as sub-culture, and ability in preserving the pesantren's tradition with the principle "maintaining the old good tradition and gaining a new better tradition". Differentiation mechanism is a gradual transformation process of pesantren that causes the steady increase of new units within it to perform their functions more effectively. This response leads to various models of pesantren.
This research discussed the use of SPA-based mobile applications for academic activities at universities. This technology works using asynchronous JavaScript, which can be run by mobile devices and is not limited by the operating system used by mobile phones such as Android, iOS, and others. This way could be reduced the workload of the server because the data sent by a server is not significant compared with a web-based application.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.