TI 1973)Sunzmavy. Treatment of 3-0-benzyl-1, ~-~-~S O p~O p~~~d~I l~-u -D -~~J~O -p~~~O~~ 4-furanosc, l,2-C)-isopropylidene-3-O-methyl-cc-u-xyloo-l, 4-furanose and 2,5-anhydro-3,4-O-isopropylitlene-aldehydo-u-ribose with moderately stablc and stable ptiosphoniurn ylidcs led to the corresponding terminal-unsaturated sugars obtained as a mixture of cis and tvans isomers. The cis:trans ratios were detcrmincd by lH-NMR. and (or) GLC. They showed that stcric factors play an important role in the control of the stereochemistry of these reactions. Les sucres insaturCs (pour une revue, v. 121) constituent, du fait de la double liaison C=C, des intermkdiaires de syntlikse intkressants. La rkaction de Witbig, qui constitue une excellente voie d'acds A ces composCs, a Ctk appliquke pour la premikre fois A des sucres carbonylCs par Zhdanov et al. 1-31 et a, depuis lors, donnC lieu B de nombreux ddveloppements. Nous avons, pour notre part, introduit en chimie des sucres l'utilisation d'un certain nombre d'ylides du phosphore tcls le mkthylthiomkthylkne-triphknylphosphorane [4]-[7], le benzylidkne-triphknylphosphorane 111, le dichloromCthylkne-triphknylphosphorane [l], et le dibromomkthykne-triphknylphosphorane [l]. Nous dCcrivons dans cette communication la synthhse, par ces techniques, de sucres insaturks terminaux comportant un cycle furannique. Ces com-posCs, outre 1'intCret qu'ils prdsentent pour l'accession B des structures difficiles a obtenir par d'autres voies [4] [8], constituent d'utiles modkles pour l'ktude [9] des facteurs qui ritgissent la position de l'kquilibre conformationnel au niveau de liaison sp2-sp3. D'autre part, la grande variCtk des situations stkriques rencontrdes dans les aldhhydo-sucres peut faciliter la comprkhension du r61e des facteurs stkriques dans le contr61e de la stCrCosClectivitC cis-trans des rkactions de Wittig. Quelques-uns des ritsultats rapport& ci-dessous ont fait l'objet d'une communication prkliminaire $1.Le traitement tles aldihydo-sucres 1, 4 et 9 par les ylides appropriks fournit les sucres insaturks 2, 3, 5, 7, 8, 10 et 11 qui sont obtenus (sauf 3) comme des melanges des isomgres cis et trans (RMN., cf. [191), la coniiguration des carbones asymktriques de l'aldihydo-sucre de dCpart Ctant toujours maintenue. Le pourcentage des isom6res gkomktriques formks, les conditions de la rCaction et les rendements obtenus sont rassemblks dans le tableau.On sait [lo] [ll] que la st6rCochimie des r6actions de Wittig est gouvernee par un grand nombre de facteurs, mais on pense gknkralement [ll] que les ylides stabilisCs conduisent de prCfCrence B des alcknes trans alors quc les ylides non stabilisks fournissent surtout les jsomkres cis, les ylides moyennement stabilisCs ayant des propriktbs 1) XIVe communication, v. [ll.
S‐Methylation of 6‐S‐benzyl‐6‐deoxy‐1,2‐O‐isopropylidene‐3‐O‐methyl‐α‐D‐xylo‐6‐thiohexofuranos‐5‐ulose (1) gave the expected sulfonium salt 2 which on alcaline treatment yielded the stable sulfur ylide 3. This compound constitutes an useful synthetic intermediate in carbohydrate chemistry. On heating in 1,2‐dimethoxyethane, it underwent a Stevens rearrangement which led to an extension of the carbon chain of the sugar and, reacted with Michael acceptors, it gave cyclopropanation reactions.
XI1 74)Summary. 4-C-glycosylthiazoles h a w bccn prcparcd by reacting thiourca or thioacctarnide with a 6-S-benzyl-G-chloro-1, a-O-isopropyljdcnc-3-0-mct hyl-a-n-%~~r~-6-thiohcxofuranos-~-uloS~ (7). The latter compound which constitutcs an intcrcsting synthetic intermediate in carbohydrate chemistry has been obtained by successive oxidation and chlorination of 6-S-benzyl-l , 2-0-isopropylidene-3-O-methyl-u-~-G-thioglucofuranosc. Un certain nombre d'exemples de [~lycosyl-2-thiacoles ont BtB dCcrit dans la littdrature [2] mais A notrc connaissance lcs glycosyl-4-thiazoles sont encore inconnus.Nous dkrivons ci-dessous la pr4paration dc quclqucs-uns de ces composds. Nous avo-utilisd pour l'dlaboration du cycle thiazole U T~ ol-c&xm-chloro-thiosucre. Cet intermediaire de synthkc ainsi que certains composks voisins que nous avons dgalement prdparbs, sont potentiellement trks riches d'apyylicatinns synthktiques en chimie des sucres. Schkmma 1 2 R = S02CgHqCH3p 1 R = H J 5 4 JcC'2SC XQ! 0 8 1) Pour la 23Emc communication voir refireme [l].
7-Methoxycarbonylheptyl P-o-galactopyranoside ( 7 ) , 3-methoxycarbonylpropyl a-D-galactopyranoside (I 8), and its 6-0-pivaloloyl derivative (20), suitable for coupling to proteins or functionalised solid supports, have been synthesised from galactopyranosyloxyalkanals (4), (9), and (1 1 ) by sequential application of Wittig condensations, hydrogenations and, for the first example, deacetylation. Glycoside
Thiosugars. III. Some reactions of the (benzylthio)‐acetyl substituent Preliminary Communication The (benzylthio)‐acetyl substituent as found in 6‐benzylthio‐6‐deoxy‐1, 2‐O‐isopropylidene‐3‐O‐methyl‐α‐D‐xylo‐hexofuranos‐5‐ulose (1) constitutes and useful synthon which can be transformed into ‘second generation’ synthons as, for example, the sulfylidene 10 or the chlorinated derivative 14. S‐Debenzylating C‐acylation of 10 leading to 11 is described as well as the ring‐forming condensation of 10 with the sulfene 12. Depending on the nature of the nucleophile reacted with 14, one can obtain the product of the substitution of the chlorine atom or of the chlorine atom and the benzylthio group or reactions taking place at both the carbonyl group and the terminal carbon atom, among them binucleophilic cyclizations. Some reactions of the conjugate base of 14 are also described.
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