From an evolutionary perspective, human facial attractiveness is proposed to signal mate quality. Using a novel approach to the study of the genetic basis of human preferences for facial features, we investigated whether attractiveness signals mate quality in terms of genetic diversity. Genetic diversity in general has been linked to fitness and reproductive success, and genetic diversity within the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) has been linked to immunocompetence and mate preferences. We asked whether any preference for genetic diversity is specific to MHC diversity or reflects a more general preference for overall genetic diversity. We photographed and genotyped 160 participants using microsatellite markers situated within and outside the MHC, and

The high completion rate shows that symptom assessment by computers is feasible in patients with advanced cancer. However, reduced performance status reduces compliance and increases the need for assistance. Future work should aim at identifying the minimum set of valid screening questions and refine the software to optimize symptom assessment and reduce respondent burden in frail patients.

Purpose Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) negatively affects the lives of childhood, adolescent, and young adult (CAYA) cancer survivors. We aimed to provide an evidence-based clinical practice guideline (CPG) with internationally harmonized CRF surveillance recommendations for CAYA cancer survivors diagnosed < 30 years. Methods This CPG was developed by a multidisciplinary panel under the umbrella of the International Late Effects of Childhood Cancer Guideline Harmonization Group. After evaluating concordances and discordances of four existing CPGs, we performed systematic literature searches. We screened articles for eligibility, assessed quality, extracted, and summarized the data from included articles. We formulated recommendations based on the evidence and clinical judgment. Results Of 3647 articles identified, 70 articles from 14 countries were included. The prevalence of CRF in CAYA cancer survivors ranged from 10–85%. We recommend that healthcare providers are aware of the risk of CRF, implement regular screening with validated measures, and recommend effective interventions to fatigued survivors. Conclusions A considerable proportion of CAYA cancer survivors suffers from CRF even years after the end of treatment. Implications for Cancer Survivors We recommend that healthcare providers adopt regular screening to detect and treat CRF early and positively influence survivors’ health and quality of life.

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In young adult cancer survivors (YACSs) to explore the rate of being non-employed and having reduced work ability, and to identify factors associated with these two outcomes. Methods: All Norwegian YACSs (N=3,558) diagnosed at age 19-39 years and treated between 1985-2009 for breast or colo-rectal cancer, leukemia, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, or melanoma and alive in 2015 were mailed a questionnaire covering adverse outcomes, comorbidities, work and psychosocial variables. The response rate was 42% (N=1,488). A minimal treatment reference group consisted of 198 YACSs with non-metastatic melanoma, and 1,000 YACSs with the other cancers formed the local, systemic and systemic plus other treatment groups. Work status was compared to normative data. Results: The sample included 63% females. Median age at survey was 49 years (range 27-65), and median time since first cancer diagnosis was 16 years (range 6-31). At survey, 25% (95%CI 22-27%) of YACSs were not employed, and work ability reduction was reported by 38% (95%CI 35-41%). The rate of being non-employed was the same in YACSs as in normative data. More female YACSs held disability pension compared to normative data. In multivariate analyses increased number of adverse effects, comorbid cardiovascular diseases, lower basic education, reduced level of self-rated health, and increased level of depression were significantly associated with both not being employed and reduced work ability. Conclusions: This long-term questionnaire survey found that YACSs had the same employment rates as among normative controls. Among YACSs 38% reported reduced work ability, but here normative data are lacking.