The purpose of the study is to assess the compliance of professional competencies of graduates – environmentalists with the needs of the labor market. The work is based on the results analysis of a sociological survey conducted among graduates and stakeholders. The authors conducted a survey of graduates and their potential employers on their priorities among the professional competencies. The authors have analyzed professional opportunities of graduates-ecologists and the employers’ requirements related to their competencies. In this regard, we calculated a rating of competencies significance for employers. The article compares professional expectations of the graduates and their employers. Conclusions. The authors conclude that students attach great importance to competencies, providing opportunities for professional growth, mastery of new technologies and application of innovations. Employers bring teamwork skills, professional skills and knowledge in the professional sphere to the fore.
The main purpose of the research is to improve the efficiency of management decisions in the field of environmental protection through using the methods for assessing the public health risk at the current level of air pollution. Methodology. The article presents a hierarchical methodological approach for determination of the level of air pollution hazard at the state, regional and local levels. The state of atmospheric air is greatly affected by emergencies associated with accidents at chemically hazardous facilities, which result in burst releases of hazardous chemicals into the environment. When determining the environmental risk of deterioration in the state of atmospheric air, the chemical hazard indicator was taken into account. Results. On the territory of the East of Ukraine there is the largest number of potentially dangerous enterprises. A new methodology of determination of the hazard level of air pollution is presented at the existing trends of anthropogenic load and the possible occurrence of technogenic emergencies. Assessment of public health risk due to air pollution in the Mariupol city showed an extremely high level of danger. The determination of the risk as a macroecological indicator according to the new method shows a high level of hazard of air pollution in the industrial developed regions of Ukraine. The shortcomings of the methodical approach of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA US), widely used in many countries of the world, are shown. An analysis of methodological approaches to assessing the public health risk has shown the promise of using the methodology for assessing potential risk in determining the level of environmental hazard of industrial enterprises. The assessment of the public health risk in the current quality state of air is given by two different methods for the regions of Ukraine with a high level of ecological and chemical hazard. The improvement of the methodology for assessing the risk to public health due to air pollution is proposed, which is presented as a scientific novelty. Currently when Ukraine has been affected by hostilities and the economic crisis, the issue of priority funding for environmental protection is very important. The implementation of the proposed methodological approach will make it possible to scientifically determine regions with an increased level of hazard to public health and minimize financial resources for improving the air quality, which has actual practical significance.
The main purpose. The purpose of this research is to develop a method for determining the level of heavy metal contamination in the soil. For this end, the following tasks are set: - to develop a method for the integrated assessment of heavy metal contamination in the soil at the regional and local levels; - to identify the most heavy metal contaminated regions of Ukraine; - to estimate the level of hazard of heavy metal contamination in the soil for territories with different types of land use; - to assess the pollution of soils with heavy metals as a result of hostilities in Donetsk and Luhansk regions. Methodology. The method takes into account the soil morphology, genezises, trace metals background concentrations and based on the development of the self-purification index for various soils in different regions of Ukraine. According to the proposed method soils have been classified by trace metals contamination. Results. At the local level, trace metals in soils were assessed for urban recreational areas, highways and roads, landfills and industrial zones. The soils in recreational areas were classified as ‘good’, highways and roads are classified as ‘satisfactory’ and ‘poor’, industrial and landfill was classified as ‘very poor’ according to the trace metals contamination. At the regional level, the highest contamination Class was given to the soils of Donetsk and Luhansk regions due to the highest density of industrial areas and performed military activities. The environmental assessment of trace metals contamination in soils due to the military activity was performed for these regions. The results of trace metals determination in Kharkiv according to this method indicate that the most dangerous areas are domestic waste landfills and facilities of the industrial companies. Recreation zones are ranked in Class 2. and the territory near the highways are assessed in quality Class 2 and 3. Assessment of the hazard level of trace metal contamination in the soil by the proposed method will allow making a scientifically substantiated decision on the priority of implementation of environmental measures. Scientific novelty. The paper presents a new method of assessing soil contamination with heavy metals at the regional and local level. The advantage of this method is taking into account the hazard class of pollutants and the self-cleaning index. A new classification of the level of danger of soil contamination with heavy metals has been developed. Practical significance. The use of the proposed methodological approach will contribute to obtaining comparable data when assessing the level of soil contamination by heavy metals and determining the priority of implementing environmental protection measures and increasing the level of environmental safety, which is especially relevant for the post-war recovery of our country.
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