The development of environmentally friendly, green, and nontoxic adhesives with excellent dry and wet adhesion properties is of great attraction. In nature, barnacles and mussels exhibit strong adhesion by secreting a hydroxyl-rich dopa. Inspired by their adhesion mechanism, a simple biobased MAG-PETMP (MP) adhesive was prepared from magnolol (MAG) and pentaerythritol tetra (3-mercaptopropionate) (PETMP) by a thiol–ene click chemistry reaction. MP as an adhesive exhibits high bond strength with other substrates due to hydrogen bonds formed by the abundant hydroxyl groups at the interface and shows an inherent thermosetting network structure. Since MP has a thermosetting network, it exhibits excellent thermal stability, solvent resistance, and high mechanical strength, which make the adhesive stable in a humid environment. The cross-linking degree of MP can be easily controlled by adjusting the molar ratio of MAG and PETMP. Among the synthesized samples, the elongation at break of the MP 1 formulation is 174.27%, which makes it promising for use as a flexible adhesive. Moreover, the inherent antibacterial properties of MAG enable MP to exhibit antimicrobial properties and antibacterial adhesion to some extent. This work provides a simple biomimetic strategy that could enable the application of MAG for adhesives.
Polylactic acid (PLA) and silk fibroin (SF) have been widely used in biomedical applications because of their excellent biocompatibility and degradability. In this study, PLA and SF were used as raw materials to prepare hollow fibers with a skin‐core structure by wet spinning technology. Scanning electron microscopy observations revealed that the structure of hollow fibers became increasingly uniform with increasing silk fibroin mass fraction. Tensile test results showed that with the increase of silk fibroin content, the elastic modulus of hollow fibers decreased and their tensile properties improved. The results of hollow fibers degradation experiments revealed that increasing the content of silk fibroin can effectively shorten the degradation time of hollow fibers. Ultraviolet spectrophotometry was used to measure the absorbance of tetracycline hydrochloride in phosphate buffer saline and calculate its release rate in hollow fibers with different silk fibroin contents, the result is HFs‐9 > HFs‐7 > HFs‐0 > HFs‐5 > HFs‐3. The PLA/SF controlled drug release system has precise controlled release of the drug, realizes the separation of the drug from the controlled release system, and solves the problem of sudden drug release. In addition, the controlled release system is non‐toxic, degradable, and has excellent mechanical properties.
Cellulose has been widely used in filtration owing to its abundance, low density, and high specific surface area. However, the use of cellulose-based scaffolds for filtration under high temperatures or with sparks is difficult to realize because cellulose is highly flammable. To develop an advanced cellulose-based filtration material with excellent flame-retardant and filtration performance, in this study, an ice template is employed to prepare a cellulose/expandable graphite (EG) aerogel with a direction porous structure for filtration. The effect of the EG concentration in the aerogel on the aerogel’s physical properties, as well as its flame-retardance and filtration performance is investigated. Experimental data indicates that a compound aerogel with a 30 wt% EG concentration is extinguished immediately after leaving the fire source and has a self-extinguishing time as short as 0.155 s. The formation of a direction porous structure in cellulose/EG aerogels provides a pathway for air movement during the filtration process. The use of EG could improve the filtration performance of cellulose aerogels by increasing the specific surface area. When the EG concentration in the aerogel is 30 wt%, the blocking efficiency of particle sizes less than 0.3 and 0.5 µm reaches 98 % and 99 %, respectively, and the blocking efficiency of particle sizes less than 1.0 µm is 96 %. As-prepared cellulose/EG aerogels have good mechanical properties and thermal stability, which implies that they can be used for filtration under high temperatures and sparks. Moreover, the filtration performance of cellulose/EG aerogels prepared using ice templates with direction porous structure and excellent flame-retardance can potentially be used for filtration-based applications under high temperature and electrical spark conditions. The use of EG and direction porous structures in cellulose aerogels provides a novel idea for the functionalization of cellulose scaffolds.
Enhancing the mechanical properties and cytocompatibility of decellularized heart valves is the key to promote the application of biological heart valves. In order to further improve the mechanical properties, the electrospinning and non-woven processing methods are combined to prepare the polylactic acid (PLA)/decellularized heart valve nanofiber-reinforced sandwich structure electrospun scaffold. The effect of electrospinning time on the performance of decellularized heart valve is investigated from the aspects of morphology, mechanical properties, softness, and biocompatibility of decellularized heart valve. Results of the mechanical tests show that compared with the pure decellularized heart valve, the mechanical properties of the composite heart valve were significantly improved with the tensile strength increasing by 108% and tensile strain increased by 571% when the electrospinning time exceeded 1 h. In addition, with this electrospinning time, the composite heart valve has a certain promoting effect on the human umbilical vein endothelial cells proliferation behavior. This work provides a promising foundation for tissue heart valve reendothelialization to lay the groundwork for organoid.
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