Background: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a serious public health problem affecting a large number of children that often lasts into adulthood, and it is characterized by persistence of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development. Children with ADHD are managed with appropriate pharmacological and non-pharmacological intervention such as educational, psychological, behavioral support and play therapy. Whereas, play therapy is a technique during which the child would be given an opportunity to experience development under the most ideal circumstances. Aim: Evaluate the effect of applying play therapy on children with ADHD.Methods: Study Design: A quasi experimental. Setting: The study was conducted in Badghish care & Rehabilitation center at Jeddah in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Subjects: Purposive sample composed of 40 preschool & school age children with ADHD with their parents and teachers. Study Tools: Data were collected through using a self-administered questionnaire for the parents to assess the socio-demographic characteristics of the studied children and their families, Conner's Abbreviated Parents and Teachers Rating scale, it was used to assess and evaluate the problematic behaviors of children with ADHD for their responses and progress monitoring through play therapy, Children's Symptom Inventory (CSI-4)-Parents and Teachers Form Scale, it was used to assess the children for ADHD symptoms including; inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity through their parents and teachers and Vanderbilt ADHD Parent and Teacher Rating Scale, it was used to assess children's anxiety symptoms through their parents and teachers.Results: The mean age of children was 6.282 ± 1.52 years. Also, 67.5% of children were boys and 32.5% were girls. Meanwhile, there were high statistical significant differences (p-value at .00) regarding children inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity as reported by their parents and teachers pre and post applying play therapy. Conclusions:The current study concluded that applying play therapy had a positive effect on paying attention, decreasing hyperactivity and controlling impulsive behavior of children with ADHD. Also, there were statistical significant differences in children's emotional and behavioral disturbances pre and post applying play therapy sessions. Recommendations: Encourage parents to cooperate actively when play therapy sessions are held for persistency of treatment effects and further studies should be carried out on the effectiveness of play therapy and use of other different kinds of therapies for children with ADHD are beneficial.
Background: Primary school period is one of the most sensitive periods in which children acquire skills that effect their adulthood. Aim: assess health needs and problems of primary school student with hearing impairment. Setting: The study was conducted at Beni Suief Governorate at four hearing impairment primary schools. Sample: A multi stage sampling was used in this study the sample size was (150) student's participant. Tools: Fist tool, an interviewing questionnaire to assess socio demographic data and health needs and problems of primary school students with hearing impairment. Second tool to assess health status through medical record for every student from the health unit of school. Third tool, assess of school environment (Noise Worksheet) to assess physical, educational, social, psychological and behavioral environment. Results: This study showed that: 66.7% of the studied students had severe health problems. Also, (24%) of them had moderate level. While, (9.3%) of them had mild level. There was highly statistically relation between health problems of the primary school students and hearing impairment. There was highly statistically positive correlation between health needs of the studied primary school students and their total health problems. There was highly statistically positive correlation between health problems of the studied primary school students and their school environment. Conclusion: In the light of study finding it was conclude that high percentage of studied students had high level of total health needs. High percentage of studied students had severe health problems. Also, there was highly statistically positive relation between health problems of studied primary school students and their school environment. Recommendation: More researches for students with hearing impairment to early detect of any physical, social and psychological health problems, improving cognitive skills for students through educational program for teacher to provide training for students-for example, improving problem -solving skills.
Background: Congenital heart defect is the second cause of death in infancy and childhood and is the leading cause of childhood morbidity and mortality. congenital heart surgery corrects heart defect that a child is born with it, enhance mothers knowledge and practices toward their children undergoing congenital heart surgery help child to recover early and prevent complication. Aim: this study aimed to assess mothers' knowledge and reported practices toward their children undergoing congenital heart surgery Setting: this study was conducted at outpatient clinic of Cardio Vascular and Thoracic Academy Ain Shams University Hospitals Sample: 70 mothers and their children undergoing congenital heart surgery were included in this study. Tools of data collection: two different tools were used. First tool: consist of interviewing questionnaire to assess socio demographic characteristic of mothers and their children, knowledge, reported practices of mothers for their children undergoing congenital heart surgery, Second tool: Assessment of child health status. Result: revealed that 81.4% of the studied mothers achieved poor knowledge scores. Only 18.6% of them achieved average score and 91.4% of the study sample total mothers' practice was unsatisfactory. Conclusion: there was no a statistical significant relation between the mother's knowledge and reported practices (P >0.05). Recommendation: Comprehensive, multidisciplinary discharge planning should design early and should include the mothers and children contain education regarding congenital heart surgery care, providing mothers with discharge care of their children after congenital heart surgery should become a routine practice to congenital heart surgery department to enhance fast recovery and prevent complications.
Background: Aging is a natural process which results in loss of body function caused by changes in cells and tissues, aimed to assessing performance of older adults regarding their health maintenance measures. Research design: A descriptive design was used to conduct this study. Sample: Convenience sample was conducted among all older adults attended Geriatric Club. Setting: Geriatric Club at EL-Minia City which is affiliated to medical center deposit. Tools: two tools were used to collect data: Firstan interviewing questionnaire pre-designed including the following parts: Part I: older adults Socio-demographic characteristics, Part II: Older adults knowledge regarding their health maintenance measures, Part III: Reported performance of older adults regarding their health maintenance measures, Second tool: An interviewing questionnaire of older adults attitude. Result: Revealed that more than half of older adults had satisfactory level of knowledge regarding their health maintenance measures, less than half of older adults had satisfactory level of performance regarding their health maintenance measures, less than half of older adults had positive attitude regarding their health maintenance measures. Conclusion: There were highly statistically significant between total level of knowledge and total level performance and total level of attitude. Recommendation: Designed education program for older adults to improve their Knowledge and performance and attitude regarding their health maintenance measures.
Background: Caregivers of patient with hepatocellular carcinoma have great burden in caring their patients and having crucial role for management of their diseases. Aim: the current study aimed to assess caregivers' awareness toward health care of their patients with hepatocellular carcinoma. Research Design: A descriptive design was used. Sample: Purposive sample of 130 caregivers of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma Setting: The study was conducted at outpatient clinic in liver tumor clinic in Ain Shams University Specialized Hospital. Tools: Two tools were used for data collection. First tool: interviewing questionnaire was divided into three parts: Demographic data of patients and their caregivers, medical history of patient, caregivers' knowledge, and reported practices of caregivers. Second tool Likert scale to assess attitude of caregivers. Results: 54.6% of the caregivers had satisfactory knowledge, 91.5% of the caregivers had adequate reported practices, and 73.1% of the caregivers had positive attitude. Conclusion: there is a highly statistically significant relation between caregivers' total level of knowledge and their total practices; there is no statistically significant relation between caregivers' total level of knowledge and their total attitude. Also, there is a statistically significant relation between caregivers' total attitude and their total practices. Recommendations: Information related to health care services should be disseminated for the caregivers and Enhancement of nurses' role in health education hepatocellular carcinoma caregivers, encourage patients' coping strategies to overcome their condition.
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