Background
Ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation is viewed as the main factor of skin aging, associated with acceleration of elastin, collagen degradation and expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Apples are one of the most commonly eaten fruits in the world, and isoquercitrin is the main active ingredient in new bred varieties “Green ball” apple. Therefore, we are studying the functionality of the active ingredient of apple, a natural raw material that does not have toxicity or sensitivity problems.
Objectives
The aim of this study, we scrutinized the effects of isoquercitrin on skin photoaging in UVB‐exposed human fibroblasts (CCD‐986Sk).
Methods
To investigate the inhibition effect on photoaging factor regulation, isolated isoquercitrin were treated with UVB, which induces photoaging‐related factors in CCD‐986Sk fibroblast cells. Pro‐inflammatory factors were measured by ELISA, Western blotting and real‐time PCR.
Results
Isoquercitrin exhibited antioxidant activity and UVB‐induced generation of photoaging‐related factor inhibition without showing any toxicity. Anti‐photoaging effect for protein levels using Isoquercitin was competent, of both the combate MMP‐1 and MMP‐9. Also, effect of COL1A2 product significantly increase, from up regulating the TIMP‐1 mediated pathway in CCD‐986Sk cells via the inhibition of MMPs. Isoquercitrin also downregulated the mRNA gene expression of MMPs while upregulating type I procollagen, HAS2 by modulating TIMP‐1 and TGF‐β in UVB‐irradiated CCD‐986Sk cells.
Conclusions
Collectively, our results show that isoquercitrin might be useful as a functional food while being a good candidate in the development of cosmetic products and medicines for the remedy of UVB‐induced skin photoaging.
In the current study, the therapeutic and preventive effects of Euonymus alatus (EA) twig extract were investigated in a mouse model of cognitive deficit and B35 cells. Twig extract 1 was extracted with 70% ethanol and later twig extract 2 was extracted through liquid-liquid extraction with 70% ethanol and hexane. EA twig 2 (300 mg/kg) along with the standard drug donepezil (5 mg/kg) were orally administered to the mice for 34 days. Scopolamine was given intraperitoneally for 7 days. Administration of EA twig extract 2 significantly improved the passive avoidance test (PAT) in mice. EA twigs extract also restored the scopolamine-reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF)/extracellular regulated kinase (ERK)/cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein (CREB) signaling in B35 cells and the mouse hippocampus. In addition, EA twig extract significantly inhibited the acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity in B35 cells in a dose-dependent manner. Chromatography and ESI MS analysis of EA twig extract revealed the presence of flavonoids; epicatechin, taxifolin, aromadendrin, and naringenin with catechin being the most abundant. These flavonoids exerted protective effects alone and had the possibility of synergistic effects in combination. Our work unmasks the ameliorating effect of EA twig extract 2 on scopolamine-associated cognitive impairments through the restoration of cholinergic systems and the BDNF/ERK/CREB pathway.
Ultraviolet (UV) exposure is well-known to induce premature aging, which is mediated by matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) activity. A 9-mer peptide, CopA3 (CopA3) was synthesized from a natural peptide, coprisin, which is isolated from the dung beetle Copris tripartitus. As part of our continuing search for novel bioactive natural products, CopA3 was investigated for its in vitro anti-skin photoaging activity. UV-induced inhibition of type-I procollagen and induction of MMP-1 were partially prevented in human skin fibroblasts by CopA3 peptide in a dose-dependent manner. At a concentration of 25 μM, CopA3 nearly completely inhibited MMP-1 expression. These results suggest that CopA3, an insect peptide, is a potential candidate for the prevention and treatment of skin aging.
Peaches are one of the most abundant cultivated fruits in Korea. There have been many studies on using it as functional materials; however, there has been few reports on immature peaches collected during the thinning out process. Herein we analyzed useful substances extracted under specific conditions from of thinned-out peaches and tested them for the suitability as cosmetic materials. NMR analysis revealed 3-O-cafffeoyl quinic acid as the major substance in the extracts. At PH-10, it showed positive response similar to ascorbic acid, used as a control, in antioxidant activity tests like DPPH and ABTS + radical scavenging tests. The elastase and collagenase inhibitory activity tests showed minor wrinkle improvements for all the test groups. No antibacterial response was observed for five germ groups. These results show that immature peaches are applicable as functional materials because the major constituent of its extracts (chlorogenic acid) can act as an antioxidant at high concentrations. It could be of benefit to study immature peach extracts in more detail to potentially reveal further value-adding properties.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.