The present study was conducted to investigate the anti-oxidant and anti-obesity activities of Centella asiatica hot-water extract (CHE). Total polyphenol content and radical scavenging activity were evaluated for the anti-oxidant activity of CHE, and 14.4 mg GAE/g DM and 82.6% were measured, respectively. Lipase activity inhibition, an anti-obesity marker, was measured as 68.1%, confirming that triglyceride hydrolysis was significantly inhibited by CHE. To study the anti-obesity mechanism, mRNA expressions of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT enhancer binding protein-α (CEBP-α), fatty acid synthase (FAS), and stearoyl-CoA desaturase1 (SCD1) in 3T3-L1 were evaluated. The level of mRNA expression was significantly suppressed by 1.52, 1.81, 1.13, and 1.18 times, respectively, compared to the control group, confirming that CHE had an anti-obesity effect by inhibiting adipocytes development and lipid accumulation. These results indicate that CHE can be used as a raw material for functional foods and pharmaceuticals with anti-oxidant and anti-obesity potential by reducing lipase activity and preadipocyte differentiation.
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Canavalia gladiata extract (CGE) on the regulation of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes and evaluate the adipogenesis and lipogenesis mechanisms. In 3T3-L1 preadipocytes, lipid accumulation and differentiation were suppressed by 1.1, 1.3, and 1.4 times under the CGE treatment at 0.25, 0.5, and 1.0 mg/mL, respectively. The expression of the main genes involved in the inhibition of adipogenesis was evaluated at the mRNA level via a transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The extract at 1.0 mg/mL increased the mRNA expressions of AMPK and carnitine palmitoyl transferase-1 (CPT-1) by 1.9 and 1.2 times, respectively, while it decreased the expression of sterol regulatory element binding proteins-1c (SREBP-1c), peroxisome proliferator activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ), CCAAT enhancer binding protein-α (C/EBP-α), and fatty acid synthase (FAS) by 1.1, 1.2, 1.8, and 1.5 times, respectively, indicating inhibition of the adipogenesis and lipogenesis potential of CGE. Gallic acid (4.02 mg/g) was identified as the main component of the CGE via LC-MS/MS and HPLC analysis. The results of this study suggested that CGE can be utilized as an anti-obesity food additive or medication by activating the AMPK-induced regulation and suppressing adipogenesis transcription factors.
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