Renal hypertrophy is characterized by an increase in cell size and protein content with minimal hyperplasia. The mechanisms of control of this pattern of cell growth have not been determined. The present studies examined whether the growth inhibitor elaborated by BSC-1 kidney epithelial cells (GI), which has nearly identical biological properties to transforming growth factor /3 (TGF-fi), could transform a mitogenic stimulus into a hypertrophic stimulus for rabbit renal proximal tubular cells in primary culture.Insulin (10 ,ug/ml) plus hydrocortisone (50 nM
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