Cancer-related anemia (CRA) is a complicated and multifaceted problem that can occur as a result of tumor, as an adverse reaction of chemotherapeutic agent, or as a result of neurotoxic effects. The symptoms of CRA vary depending on an individual's response to blood loss or reduction in the number of red blood cell production. Patients with severe anemia have different characteristics depending on the type of haematological malignancy they have. Clinical and biochemical evaluations, as well as bone marrow examinations, may be useful diagnostic tools in many cases. Iron therapy can be usedalone or in combination with ESA to improve the response of Hb and to decrease the need of RBC transfusion. lood transfusion carries a number of risks, some of which can be mitigated or even eliminated.. Even though erythropoietin-stimulating agents (ESAs) have been shown to be effective in preventing anemia and reducing the need for blood transfusions, it would be helpful for identifying high-risk patient groups that would benefit the most from these expensive treatments. Blood transfusions should be used on a specific instance basic principle in patients with advanced cancer, depending on the extent of distressing symptoms and life expectancy.
Background The study aimed to investigate the prevalence of APP among Malaysian patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. Methods A descriptive retrospective study was conducted to gather clinical and demographic information on adult individuals diagnosed with psychiatric disorders e.g schizophrenia who had been prescribed with antipsychotic drugs (Antipsychotic combination or Monotherapy) and had been admitted to Hospital Kajang in Malaysia between March 2016 and November 2016. Prevalence of antipsychotic polypharmacy (APP) is determined by determining whether the patient is given one or more antipsychotic medications or not. A descriptive analysis was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of APP among clinical and demographic variables. Results The study included 113 people suffering from schizophrenia. The prevalence of APP was 56.7% (n = 64). According to our results, the prevalence of APP among demographic and clinical variables were 48.4% (n = 31) among elderly patients, 61.8% (n = 40) among males, 70.3% (n = 19) among single, and 67.2% (n = 43) among unemployed schizophrenia patients. Conclusion According to this setting, the proportion of APP in schizophrenia patients is quite high. Being male, single and younger than 50 years of age was linked to a significant rise in APP prevalence; thus, protocols are required to recognize subgroups of psychiatric patients who are most likely benefit from novel management strategies and kidney functions.
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