e less prosperous condition of the community in the Indonesia-Malaysia border area in the province of West Kalimantan has resulted in several problems including those related to qh, such as the sale and purchase of illegal goods from Malaysia, the phenomena of illegal migrant workers from Indonesia, human trafficking, transnational marriages, double identity cards, etc. In the perspective of qh, there is no ban on trading between people of different nationalities. In the legislative provisions, all citizens are bound not to commit illegal trade. On the other hand, the cases of double identity cards, transnational marriages, and the issue of migrant workers, in fact, are against the qh. However, in the context of citizenship, people should follow the provisions of the prevailing legislation. ese qh issues have motivated the author to analyze them from the perspective of qh. Hopefully, we can get a picture of the qh problems in the Indonesia-Malaysia border area and nd solutions to them.
The historicity of the State Institute of Islamic Studies (IAIN) Pontianak actually brings us to an understanding that in fact IAIN Pontianak has so far taken part in preparing alumni who are skilled and competent in the field of Islamic religious sciences, such as Islamic education, Islamic law, and Islamic dakwa. This also signifies the responsibility of IAIN Pontianak in shaping the 'considerate and tolerant understanding of religion' and minimizing forms of religious radicalism on campus. This will be discussed further in this paper.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.