Assessment of dimensional and geometrical data on the humeral head replacement (HHR) objects is essential for solving the relevant designing problems in the physics of reverse engineering (RE). In this work, 2D-assessment for human humerus was performed using the computed tomography (CT) technique within the RE plan, after which the 2D images of humeral objects were converted into 3D images. The conversion was successful and indicated a clear difference in the 2D and 3D estimates of sizes and geometry of the humerus. The authors have analyzed and confirmed experimentally the statistical information on the relevant anatomical objects. The results of finite-element simulation of the compressive stresses affecting the geometry of 3D surface mapping were analyzed using SolidWorks software. For developing the biomechanical design of an HHR object suitable biomaterials were selected, and different metal-based biomaterials are discussed as applied at various loads. New methodology is presented for the size estimation of humeral head -both anatomical and artificial -in 3D-shape. A detailed interpretation is given for the results of CT D-measurements.
Cimadur river basin is one of the most important catchment areas in Lebak District, Banten Province. For the past few years, the catchment has experienced floods during the rainy season. The big issue of flooding has been recorded recently in December 2019 which has caused damage and negative impacts to the local people and surrounding community. This study aims to analyze the possibility of flood peak discharges in the catchment area of the Cimadur river. The flood discharges are calculated for 2, 5, 10, 25, 50, and 100 years return period based on the daily rainfall data from the year 2011 to 2020. The rainfall and land use data are obtained from PT Saeba Consultant. In this study, the hydrological analyses are including 1) analyses of average annual rainfall using the Thiessen method; 2) analyses of rainfall distribution and estimation of design rainfall by considering three methods involving: Log-Normal, Log Pearson Type III, and Gumbel Type 1; and 3) analyses of flood discharges by adopting Nakayasu Synthetic Hydrograph Unit (SHU). The rainfall distribution analyses show that the Log Pearson Type III provided the best fit. Based on the flood peak discharges analyses, the results show that the flood discharges for the 5, 10, 25, and 50 years return period in the Cimadur river basin are 470.71 m3/s, 560.16 m3/s, 698 m3/s, and 820.4 m3/s, respectively.
A large amount of industrial byproducts are released from heavy industries such as power generation industry, steel industry, cement industry, etc. These wastes or byproducts like fly ash, CKD, bottom ash, blast furnace slag, methakaoline, etc. pose various difficulties in getting rid of them. May the dynamic solution is to use these byproducts for some other beneficial application.Clearly, cement industry has been found to be an energy-intensive industry that acts as a major source of greenhouse gas emissions especiallycarbon dioxide, so, with the continuous growth of construction activities, cement industry will last for a long time due to the need for high infrastructure.Recycling of industry wastes will enhance their economical and environmental values. Production of geopolymers from the wastes of cement industry (CKD) defiantly save the raw materials, and reduce the CO2 emissions. In this work, local raw materials are used such as blast furnace slag, silica fume, CKD, metakaolineand alkaline activated solution of potassium hydroxide and potassium silicate has a molar ratio of K2O:SiO2 (0.7).The products obtained were tested for unconfined compressive strength setting time and workability, results show that it possible to produce good quality geopolymers ( ecuderp lufesu p) using industrial by-products as precursors.
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