Environmental safe disposal of cement kiln dust for the production of ‎geopolymers

Abdelzaher, Mohamed; Mohamed, Essam A.; Shehata, Nabila; Salah, Hamdy; Abbas, Ramadan

doi:10.21608/ejchem.2021.89060.4276

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…In addition, the utilization of CKD in these applications is considered safe and is not accompanied by any adverse effects on health or the environment alike, according to what was stated by The United States environmental protection agency (EPA) [8]. Accordingly, using CKD in various industrial applications contributed to a positive turning point in reducing its adverse economic or environmental effects, as was evident in several investigations [13][14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Eco-Sustainable Recycling of Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) and Copper Tailings (CT) in the Cemented Paste Backfill

2023

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Cement global demand shows continued growth and a significant increase in the production volume, which may negatively impact the non-renewable natural resources and the environment, which is incompatible with sustainability goals. Cement kiln dust (CKD) is a primary concern associated with clinker manufacturing as a waste byproduct. Similarly, the mining industry produces copper tailing as unwanted material while beneficiating the ore, creating environmental problems due to difficulty in managing worldwide generated quantities that reach billions of metric tons. This study investigated the beneficial utilization of cement kiln dust and copper tailing as undesirable wastes in industrial applications through underground mines’ cemented paste backfill (CPB). Sixty different mixtures were prepared with three types of CKD collected from various cement manufacturers and were accordingly used with a proportion of 5, 10, and 15% to partially replace ordinary Portland cement (OPC) and pozzolan Portland cement (PPC) binders, represented in hundreds of CPB samples. The hardened specimens were subjected to density, uniaxial compressive strength (UCS), and axial deformation measurements to evaluate the physical and mechanical properties at curing up to 90 days. Meanwhile, X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) was extensively applied to chemically investigate the hydration products of CPB-hardened mixtures. Moreover, we developed a UCS predictive model applying two techniques: multiple variables regression analysis and artificial neural network (ANN). The results showed that the tricalcium silicate (Alite) and dicalcium silicate (Belite) phases form C-S-H upon hydrations and provide high strength in the binary mixtures. Meanwhile, the CKD’s lime saturation factor (LSF) governed the strength value in the ternary mixtures that utilized copper tailings. That makes CKD practical in the CPB mixture when partially replacing the OPC and PPC binders, with a proportion of up to 15%. In addition, the ANN technique’s predictive model exhibited a significant positive correlation with excellent statistical parameters that achieved 0.995, 0.065, and 0.911 for R2, RMSE, and MAE, respectively.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Eco-Sustainable Recycling of Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) and Copper Tailings (CT) in the Cemented Paste Backfill

2023

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“…For instance, while the addition of CKD at 10% is economical and environmentally beneficial, aligning with sustainable waste management practices [4], there is a lack of comprehensive understanding of its long-term environmental impact. The use of CKD can help reduce the environmental impact and disposal costs, benefiting various industrial applications [5][6][7][8]. Stabilizing clayey soil with 15% CKD and 10% NaCl can also reduce energy consumption, e-CO 2 emission, and costs [9]; questions remain regarding the scalability and effectiveness of this method in different soil types and environmental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Study of Thermal Conductivity in Soil Stabilization for Sustainable Construction Applications

Muhudin,

Zami,

Budaiwi

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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Soils in Saudi Arabia are emerging as potential sustainable building materials, a notion central to this study. The research is crucial for advancing construction practices in arid areas by enhancing soil thermal properties through stabilization. Focusing on Hejaz region soils, the study evaluates the impact of stabilizers such as cement, lime, and cement kiln dust (CKD) on their thermal behavior. This investigation, using two specific soil types designated as Soil A and Soil B, varied the concentration of additives from 0% to 15% over a 12-week duration. Employing a TLS-100 for thermal measurements, it was found that Soil A, with a 12.5% cement concentration, showed a significant 164.54% increase in thermal conductivity. When treated with 2.5% lime, Soil A reached a thermal conductivity of 0.555 W/(m·K), whereas Soil B exhibited a 53.00% decrease under similar lime concentration, reflecting diverse soil responses. Notably, a 15% CKD application in Soil A led to an astounding 213.55% rise in thermal conductivity, with Soil B recording an 82.7% increase. The findings emphasize the substantial influence of soil stabilization in improving the thermal characteristics of Hejaz soils, especially with cement and CKD, and, to a varying extent. This study is pivotal in identifying precise, soil-specific stabilization methods in Saudi Arabia’s Hejaz region, essential for developing sustainable engineering applications and optimizing construction materials for better thermal efficiency.

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“…So, when ceramic industries crank out more goods, there will not be enough space to stash all the resulting ceramic waste (CW). Potential annual ceramic waste production in 2025 is estimated at 25 BT 9 . Reduce environmental damage and boost the economy with this innovative approach to dealing with industrial trash 10 – 13 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comprehensive study on the fire resistance properties of ultra-fine ceramic waste-filled high alkaline white cement paste composites for progressing towards sustainability

Abdelzaher,

Hamouda,

El-Kattan

2023

Sci Rep

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The most practical sustainable development options to safeguard the local ecology involve reducing the use of raw materials and guaranteeing proper recycling of the principal destroyed solid wastes. Preventing the creation of hazardous waste and the subsequent pollution that results from improper disposal is a top priority. Based on this, the study's authors recommend reusing the ultra-fine ceramic shards (CW). High-alkaline white cement (WC) has been partially replaced by ultra-fine CW because it is a cheaper, more abundant, and more lasting environmental material used in the production of trendy blended white cement pastes composites. In this context, we look at ultra-fine CW, a material that has been suggested for use as a hydraulic filler due to its high performance, physicomechanical qualities, and durability. XRF, XRD, FTIR, and SEM measurements are used to characterize the microstructure, thermal characteristics, and thermodynamics. Because of the effect of ultra-fine ceramic waste, the firing test reduces the mechanical strength by default, but with active filler, decreases slowly and increase its physicomechanical features and compressive strength compared to the control sample (WC), setting a new benchmark. The maximum amount of crystallization formed in the presence of ultra-fine ceramic waste in WC-matrix, resulting in a decrease in total porosity and early cracking. Together, the improved workability and energy-saving features of cement blends with ultra-fine ceramic waste, reflect their economic and environmental benefits, which may reduce building costs and boost the durability of the raw materials used in the mix.

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Environmental safe disposal of cement kiln dust for the production of ‎geopolymers

Cited by 8 publications

References 45 publications

Eco-Sustainable Recycling of Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) and Copper Tailings (CT) in the Cemented Paste Backfill

Eco-Sustainable Recycling of Cement Kiln Dust (CKD) and Copper Tailings (CT) in the Cemented Paste Backfill

Experimental Study of Thermal Conductivity in Soil Stabilization for Sustainable Construction Applications

A comprehensive study on the fire resistance properties of ultra-fine ceramic waste-filled high alkaline white cement paste composites for progressing towards sustainability

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