In vertical deviations resulting from superior oblique palsy, ATIO was found to be more effective than DIO in the reduction of primary-position hypertropia.

Povidone iodine in both 5% and 10% concentrations demonstrates severe toxicity when one drop of either concentration is placed directly in the anterior chamber. When povidone iodine is used in preparing the eye for intraocular surgery and as an alternative to postoperative antibiotics, the inadvertent leakage of povidone iodine into the anterior chamber must definitely be prevented.

Excimer laser PTK appears to simplify pterygium surgery because a superficial keratectomy is sufficient to remove pterygium. The excimer laser can be used to ablate the visible residual tissues and smooth the corneal surface, resulting in good postoperative refraction and visual acuity. Consequently, this procedure seems to be effective and safe.

Intraoperative mitomycin C was found to be effective in preventing the recurrence of primary pterygium.

A 50-year-old woman had implantation of intrastromal corneal ring segments for recurrent keratoconus 15 years after penetrating keratoplasty. Two segments (0.15 mm and 0.25 mm) were inserted without any intraoperative or postoperative complications, using the femtosecond laser to create the tunnels (superior and inferior). Ten months after the procedure, the uncorrected visual acuity was 20/100, compared with counting fingers preoperatively, and the best spectacle-corrected visual acuity improved from 20/63 to 20/32. Although the results are encouraging, the long-term effect of this approach for the management of post-keratoplasty patients with recurrent keratoconus is not known.

We observed a case of traumatic globe luxation. A 26-year-old man who was sitting at the back seat of the car without fastening his safety belt was admitted to the emergency room after an automobile accident. He was in semi-comatose condition. His left globe was dislocated anteriorly, and the lids were tightly closed behind it. No laceration was observed in cornea, sclera and extraocular muscles. The pupil was dilated and did not respond to light stimulation. Computerized tomography scan analysis revealed a normal optic nerve, but multiple fractures in the nasal, inferior and temporal walls of the orbit and in the nasal bone. Phthisis of the eye was detected by the end of second month. We believe that the back seats of automobiles should also be furnished with air bags for better security of passengers.

No abstract

Background: We conducted a study to evaluate the effect of sulfur hexafluoride gas (SF₆) on the antibacterial activity of antibiotics in vitro against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which are common endophthalmitis-causing agents. Methods: In this experimental study, antibiotic susceptibility tests were prepared according to the National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards macrobroth dilution method. Müller-Hinton broth was the test medium. Standard P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), S. epidermidis (ATCC 12228) and S. aureus (ATCC 29213) strains were studied. For P. aeruginosa ceftazidime, ofloxacin and tobramycin dilutions, and for S. epidermidis and S. aureus, cefazolin, ofloxacin and tobramycin dilutions were prepared identically in two sets of tubes. One set of tubes, into which pure SF₆ was injected, was defined as the SF₆ group. The other set of tubes, into which no SF₆ was injected, was taken as the control group. To determine the minimal bactericidal concentrations of the antibiotics, subcultures were made onto Müller-Hinton agar, and the colonies were counted after 18 h of incubation at 37°C. Results: The minimal inhibitory concentrations of the antibiotics in the SF₆ group were found to be identical with those of the control group. However, the minimal bactericidal concentrations of the antibiotics were found to be at least two dilutions lower in the SF₆ group than in the control group, except for the minimal bactericidal concentration of cefazolin for S. aureus, which was found to be one dilution lower in the SF₆ group. Conclusion: SF₆ was found to potentiate the in vitro antibacterial activity of ofloxacin and tobramycin against S. aureus, S. epidermidis and P. aeruginosa, ceftazidime against P. aeruginosa, and cefazolin against S. epidermidis. Experimental animal studies are required to determine the role of SF₆ in the management of endophthalmitis.