The results of this study suggested that low preoperative fibrinogen level appears to be a useful diagnostic marker to assess the activity of the coagulation system, and that its preoperative level may serve as a potential risk factor for postoperative bleeding after coronary artery bypass surgery.

Elevated IL-6 and hsCRP levels in patients with postoperative AF suggest inflammatory components have a role of in the pathogenesis of AF.

Problem Statement: The idea of learning organization in the context of management theory was developed by Argyris and Schön and made popular by Senge. Literature suggests that learning organization has a significantly positive effect on job satisfaction of employees. Purpose of Study: The major purpose of this study was to examine the relations of learning organization level perceived by primary school teachers to job satisfaction. Methods: The quantitative survey research method was used to investigate the relationship between learning organization and job satisfaction. The model of the research is a descriptive correlation survey design. Targeted population of the research were 2387 primary school teachers working in the city center of Van province, eastern part of Turkey, in academic year 2011-2012. 450 primary school teachers were selected as cluster sampling. Findings and Results: Average mean for Job satisfaction of teachers was at satisfied level. There were no statically significant differences in terms of gender and subject matter of teachers at the level of dimensions of learning organization and job satisfaction of teachers. There were statistically significant differences at the two dimensions of learning organization, shared vision and team learning in terms of service period of teachers; whereas there was no statistically significant difference at the rest of the dimensions of learning organization, personal mastery, mental models, and system thinking. 'Shared vision' and 'team learning' as dimensions of learning organization accounted for 36.3 % of the total variance in job satisfaction of teachers. It is suggested that to increase teachers' job satisfaction level, as important factor for teachers' performance, perceived learning organization of teacher should be increased.

BackgroundSince the advent of cardiopulmonary bypass, many efforts have been made to avoid the complications related with it. Any component of the pump participates in occurrence of these adverse events, one of which is the type of prime solution. In this study, we aimed to compare the effects of 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 with a commonly used balanced electrolyte solution on postoperative outcomes following coronary bypass surgery.MethodsTwo hundred patients undergoing elective coronary bypass surgery were prospectively studied. The patients were randomized in to two groups. First group received a balanced electrolyte solution and the second group received 6% hydoxyethyl starch 130/0.4 as prime solution. The postoperative outcomes of the patients were studied.ResultsThe mean age of the patients was 61.81 ± 10.12 in the crystalloid group whereas 61.52 ± 9.29 in the HES group. There were 77 male patients in crystalloid group and 74 in HES group. 6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 did not have any detrimental effects on renal and pulmonary functions. The intensive care unit stay and postoperative hospital length of stay were shorter in hydroxyethyl starch group (p < 0.05 for each). Hydroxyethyl starch did not increase postoperative blood loss, amount of blood and fresh frozen plasma used, but it decreased platelet concentrate requirement. It did not have any effect on occurrence of post-coronary bypass atrial fibrillation (p > 0.05).Conclusions6% hydroxyethyl starch 130/0.4 when used as a prime solution did not adversely affect postoperative outcomes including renal functions and postoperative blood transfusion following coronary bypass surgery.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is a common arrhythmia, after cardiac surgery, and it is associated with a twofold increase in cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Reperfusion injury and inflammation associated with cardiac surgery are thought to be involved in its pathogenesis. Heat shock proteins (HSPs) are a family of chaperone proteins which assist in preservation of cellular integrity by maintaining proteins in their correctly folded state. The aim of this study was to investigate pre-postoperative heat shock protein70 (HSP70) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein in serum from patients in preoperative sinus rhythm. We prospectively screened 45 consecutive patients admitted to the hospital for elective coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG). Electrocardiogram characteristics and cardiovascular risk profile were documented. Pre- and postoperative blood samples were collected. HSP70 value was 8.9 +/- 4.8 ng/mL in Group A (study group) preoperatively and decreased to 7.7 +/- 7.0 ng/mL postoperatively. In contrast, preoperative value of HSP70 was 4.2 +/- 2.2 ng/mL and decreased to 2.7 +/- 2.6 ng/mL postoperatively in Group B (control group). Statistical analysis showed significant difference regarding preoperative HSP70 levels in Group A compared to Group B. To our knowledge, with this study, the association of pre- and postoperative circulating HSP70 with postoperative AF was demonstrated for the first time.