Two field experiments were carried out during the fall seasons of 2012 and 2013 at the

Two field experiments were carried out on a sandy soil at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station located at 30º 35´ 41.901˝ N for Latitude and 32º 16´ 45.834˝ E for Longitude, Egypt, during two winter seasons of 2013/14 and 2014/15, to study the effect of inoculation with diazotrophs (Herbaspirillum sp., Azorhizobium caulinodans and Azospirillum brasilense) applied as a single treatment and\or as a mixture treatments under different levels of nitrogen, i.e., zero, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg N/fed on the growth, yield and some yield components of wheat crop. Obtained results showed that there were significant increases in all wheat vegetative growth characters, yield and some yield components due to inoculation with any tested diaztotrophs. However, using mixture strains followed by Azospirillum brasilense surpassed other inoculated treatments or uninoculated one. Generally, all the inoculated treatments were the superior to in enhancing all wheat growth parameters, wheat yield and its components in the order of mixture> Azospirillum brasilense> Herbaspirillum sp.> Azorhizobium caulinodans> uninoculated.All wheat growth characters yield and its components increased significantly along with increasing N-fertilizer level. Due to the interaction between inoculation and N-fertilizer levels, the splendid results of wheat growth parameters, yield and its components were for wheat plants inoculated with the bacterial mixture inoculum followed by Azospirillum brasilense in combination with 50 kg N/fed, which showed significantly a positive response and gave values nearly similar to or higher than those given by the use of full N-fertilizer level (100 kg N/fed). It is of worth to note that inoculation with diazotrophs having excellent potential to be used with non-legumes not only because of their N 2 -fixing proficiency but also to their ability to acts as PGPR. The triple diazotrophs treatment may be acting as a good practice for sustaining wheat grain yield and reduce the reliance on chemical fertilizers in agriculture, to minimize the environmental pollution and to have safe healthy food.

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Two field experiments were conducted at Private Farm in Wadi Al-Natroun Distrect, Beheira Governorate, Egypt during Winter seasons of 2016/2017 and 2017/2018, to study the effect of some natural foliar applications, i.e., fulvic acid (20 ml/l), effective microorganisms (5 ml/l),yeast extract (25 ml/l), humic acid (2 g/l), brassinolide (5 mg/l) and chitosan (200 mg/l) on vegetative growth, pod yield and quality of snow pea cultivar "Snow Wind" and sugar snap pea cultivar "Sugar Snap". The results showed that Sugar Snap cultivar surpassed Snow Wind cultivar in all studied traits, except for number of pods/plant, pod length, pod diameter and protein content. However, all studied natural substances significantly increased vegetative growth, pod yield and pod quality compared with control in both seasons. Foliar applications can be arranged in decreasing order as follows: fulvic acid > effective microorganisms > humic acid > yeast extract > brassinolide > chitosan.

A field experiment was conducted in sandy soil at Ismailia Agricultural Research Station, (Ismailia Governorate, Egypt, in two successive winter seasons of 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. The experiment aimed to study the response of lupine plants (Lupinus albus L.) variety Giza 2 to cyanobacteria applied with different methods under different nitrogen fertilizer rates and inoculated with rhizobia. Results revealed that application of cyanobacteria generally increased the mean values of nodules number, dry weight of nodules and shoot dry weight of lupine plants, nitrogen uptake, biological activity of the soil rhizosphere lupine plants, yield, yield components and seed protein content as compared to those recorded by the control treatment without cyanobacteria. Increasing nitrogen rates decreased the mean values of both nodules number and dry weight of nodules. On the contrary, increasing nitrogen rate up to 100% of the recommended one increased all the other tested parameters. The highest values of these parameters were recorded when cyanobacteria were applied as dry + soaking combined with 75 % N rate expect for those of number and nodules the dry weight of nodules that gave their highest values when the lupine plants received the treatment of dry + soaking combined with 50 % N rate. In conclusion, the use of cyanobacteria along with rhizobia as renewable nitrogen source for lupine production can save 25% N from that required for lupine.