This article sifts through the correlation between Research and Development (R&D) expenditures, and economic growth at the national level in Turkey. All the while, not only theoretical, but also empirical literature has drastically insisted on that the item of investments in R&D is an indispensable component of economic growth. The relationship between R&D expenditures and economic performance has attracted a great deal of attention in the academic field for quite some time. In addition to that, the subject has been long emphasised by governments and private enterprises. Most of the contemporary economists have attributed the sustained growth in developed nations to their intensive R&D activities. As a developing country, Turkey is the 17th largest economy, according to the World Bank's GDP ranking. In the light of Turkey's 2023 Goals, the country aims to be ranked among the top ten economies of world. Thereby, the discussion of the relationship between economic growth and R&D expenditures has an exceptional urgency for Turkey's ambitious economic targets. In this study, the relationship between R&D expenditures and economic growth was circumstantially scrutinized in Turkey for the period of 1990 to 2013. To that end, unit root tests, co-integration test and, the Granger's causality test were used. As a result of the analysis, it is found that the series inspected are stationary in first-order and have no co-integration relationship between them. According to the Granger's causality analysis applied, it is also uncovered that there is no causality relationship between the series examined.
This study examines the role of self-esteem as a mediator in the relationship between mindfulness and subjective happiness. The sample of the study consists of 350 university students. Within this scope, the study uses a personal information form, the Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale and performs exploratory factor, correlation, and regression analyses based on the collected data set. Significant positive relationships have been found between subjective happiness and mindfulness and between subjective happiness and self-esteem. In addition, a significant positive relationship has been found between the variables of self-esteem and mindfulness. When evaluating self-esteem as a mediator in the relationship between mindfulness and subjective happiness, self-esteem is seen to have a statistically significant mediating effect. Through this study, self-esteem has been concluded to mediate the relationship between mindfulness and subjective happiness. As a result of this relationship, developing psychological intervention programs that include self-esteem modules and forming educational programs are recommended in order to increase self-esteem.
Aim: In this study, it was aimed to measure life satisfaction of university students of the Faculty of Health Sciences who have been studying in Istanbul. Method: The population of the study consists of students registered to Health Sciences Faculties of public and foundation higher education institutions. The data was collected between the dates of 10th to 20th of June 2019 via internet-based survey technique. The sample size of the study is 182 students. Personal information form and Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS) were used for data collection. The validity and reliability study of SWLS, followed by hypothesis testing, correlation, and regression analysis were realized within the scope of the study. Findings: It was found that the data set collected by SWLS was valid and reliable. Thus, life satisfaction scores were calculated. It was concluded that there was a difference in life satisfaction according to the type of higher education institute as a result of Mann-Whitney U test applied. Also, a moderate relationship was found between life satisfaction and happiness in the same direction via calculated correlation coefficient. Conclusion: As a result of the study, it was concluded that the life satisfaction of students registered to a foundation university was higher compared to students from a public university. Accordingly, it is presumed that the universities have an important role with respect to increasing life satisfaction of students. The institutes are suggested to support the students in line with this responsibility. Moreover, it is suggested for future studies to evaluate some factors (e.g,, income) for the possible mediating effect to this relationship.
In this study, the neighborhoods determined in Istanbul will be subjected to clustering analysis with the socioeconomic data set formed and the number of children in the neighborhood scale will be estimated. At the same time, factors affecting child poverty in Istanbul and their impact coefficients will be determined by logistic regression model. Thus, the impact of the change in the factors affecting child poverty will be investigated.
Some novel 4,5-disubstituted-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (3, 6, 8, 9) derivatives and or 3-(4-methylphenyl) [1,2,4]triazolo [3,4-b][1,3]benzoxazole (5) were synthesized from the reaction of various ester ethoxycarbonylhydrazones (1a-e) with several primary amines. The synthesis of 4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2-[(5-mercapto-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl)methyl]-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (13) was performed starting from 4-Amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-2,4-dihydro-3H-1,2,4-triazol-3-one (2) by four steps; then 13 was converted to the corresponding Schiff base ( 14) by using 4methoxybenzaldehyde. Finally, two Mannich base derivatives of 14 were obtained by using morpholine or methyl piperazine as amine component. All newly synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities and some of which were found to possess good or moderate activities against the test microorganisms.
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