In this communication, we demonstrate for the first time the proof of concept that carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) can be used as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for nucleic acid detection with selectivity down to single-base mismatch. The dye-labeled single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) probe is adsorbed onto the surface of the CNP via π-π interaction, quenching the dye. In the target assay, a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) hybrid forms, recovering dye fluorescence.

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In this letter, we report on our interesting finding that the direct mixing of aqueous AgNO(3) and NH(2)OH solutions at room temperature leads to rapid, high-yield production of monodisperse, micrometer-scale, highly crystalline, nanotextured Ag dendrites. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) effect of these Ag dendrites was evaluated by using 4-aminothiophenol (p-ATP) as the Raman probe and the results demonstrate that they exhibit strong SERS effects.

In this Letter, we demonstrate the first use of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) obtained from carbon soot by lighting a candle as a cheap, effective fluorescent sensing platform for Ag(+) detection with a detection limit as low as 500 pM and high selectivity. We further demonstrate its practical application to detect Ag(+) in a real sample.

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In this letter, we report on the one-step synthesis of Ag@poly(m-phenylenediamine) core-shell nanoparticles (APCSNPs), carried out by direct mixing of aqueous silver nitrate and m-phenylenediamine solutions at room temperature. We further demonstrate the use of APCSNP as a novel fluorescent sensing platform for nucleic acid detection. In this regard, the detection of DNA is accomplished in two steps. First, APCSNP absorbs and quenches the fluorescence of dye-labeled single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) as a probe. Second, hybridizing of the probe with its target produces a double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) that detaches from APCSNP, resulting in the recovery of dye fluorescence. It suggests that this sensing system has a high selectivity down to single-base mismatch, and the results exhibit good reproducibility. Furthermore, we also demonstrate its application for the multiplex detection of nucleic acid sequences.

In this article, we report on the facile and rapid synthesis of conjugation polymer poly(p-phenylenediamine) nanobelts (PNs) via room temperature chemical oxidation polymerization of p-phenylenediamine monomers by ammonium persulfate in aqueous medium. We further demonstrate the proof-of-concept that PNs can be used as an effective fluorescent sensing platform for nucleic acid detection for the first time. The general concept used in this approach lies in the facts that the adsorption of the fluorescently labeled single-stranded DNA probe by PN leads to substantial fluorescence quenching, followed by specific hybridization with the complementary region of the target DNA sequence. This results in desorption of the hybridized complex from PN surface and subsequent recovery of fluorescence. We also show that the sensing platform described herein can be used for multiplexing detection of nucleic acid sequences.

Lithium-ion batteries are commonly used as sources of power for electric vehicles (EVs). Battery safety is a major concern, due to a large number of accidents, for which short circuit has been considered as one of the main causes. Therefore, diagnosing and prognosticating short circuit are of great significance to improve EV safety. This work reviews the current state of the art about the diagnosis and prognosis of short circuit, covering the method and the key indicators. The findings provide important insights regarding how to improve the battery safety.