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This paper describes the reasons behind the crisis in energy sector and the actual status of the energy supply demand gap. With old infrastructure and increasing demand for electricity, Pakistan critically needs the addition in the current energy production and also efficient utilization. Pakistan is incapable to fulfil its energy demands, and the energy crisis is damaging the economy growth and we want to efficiently manage the power system in the current crisis scenario. There are challenges to smartly manage the power system and opportunities for new technologies to be implemented. Smart grid technology is the state of the art technology to manage the power system. The main objective of this study is to discuss the role of smart grid to the integration of renewable energies and cut down the energy produced from oil and gas. We discuss the potential of renewable energies and available wireless technologies in Pakistan that can be applied in smart grids along with the proposed techniques to interconnect the national power system and organizations. In this study, we also find the smart grid as the best option and show that how a smart grid can manage the energy system and how this technology can be implemented in this country. We describe the basic building blocks for smart grid technology and offered an approach for applying suitable applications of the smart grid in Pakistan.

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Wireless sensors are widely deployed in military and other organizations that significantly depend upon the sensed information in any emergency situation. One of the main designs issues of the wireless sensor network (WSN) is the conservation of energy which is directly proportional to the life of the networks. We propose most nearest most used routing algorithm (MNMU-RA) for ad-hoc WSNs which vitally plays an important role in energy conservation. We find the best location of MNMU node for energy harvesting by apply our algorithm. Our method involves the least number of nodes in transmission of data and set large number of nodes to sleep in idle mode. Based on simulation result we shows the significant improvement in energy saving and enhance the life of the network

Fi-Wi (Fiber-Wireless) is the combination of optical networking technology and wireless networks. Fi-Wi networks are very cost effective, gives high capacity bandwidth and the best solution to full fill the demand of bandwidth hungry applications like quad play, online gaming etc. Our goal is to reduce the delays in Fi-Wi networks. In this paper we proposed most nearest most used routing algorithm (MNMU-RA) to overcome the delays in wireless (front end of Fi-Wi). Our algorithm shows the significant improvement in Delay and throughput of the network.

Satellite communication plays a vital role in the arena of telecommunication. The main objective of this manuscript is to examine the threats and problems like space debris, space weather and space weapons that could damage or disable the satellite system. In consequence, we discuss the role of wireless sensor networks (WSN) and nodes in space based technologies. The scope of this paper is to minimize the threats and vulnerabilities to the satellite systems and based on that, design the next generation and state of the art satellite communication system. We proposed the solutions for the vulnerabilities and surveillance of satellite system by integrating the energy efficient and cost effective WSN to the satellite system.