This study was performed to identify the extent of the infection with Brucellosis caused by Brucella melitensis in humans in Kut city through a period ofnine months from September 2007 till May 2008. One hundred blood samples were collected from humans and all were suspected in having brucellosis while twenty blood samples were collected from humans and all were known in not being suspected in having brucellosis and has no history in having such disease according to the performed serological tests (Rose Bengal test and 2-Mercaptoethanol test). The recorded cases for the brucellosis suspected samples were 58 Cases (58%) that positive for Rose Bengal test which the acute phases.With the use of 2–Mercaptoethanol test, the results showed that the chronic phase positive cases reached up to 12 samples (20.68%).Blood sample from the infected cases used for the purpose of bacterial isolation. Later by using Castaneda biphase medium the results showed that out of58, 8 (13.79%) isolates were positive for the test. This method has been characterized by its time shortness for isolation.A number of morphological and biochemical tests had been carried including the direct examination, Catalase, Oxidase , Urease, IMVIC test, inoculation intonitrate reduction test medium and the ability to grow in the bacteriostatic dyes medium under the presence of basic fuchsin dye with two concentrations 1:50000 and 1:100000.The results of the biotyping of isolates showed that 2 isolates out of 8 isolates (25%) were agglutinated with monospecific antisera for Brucella abortus (A) so itwas belonging to the biotype 2. While the rest 6 isolates (75%) which were agglutinated simultaneously with monospacific antisera for Brucella abortus (A)and with monospecific antisera for Brucella melitensis (M) so it was belonging to the biotype 3. All isolate's colonies which were isolated from the infected cases were in the smooth phase and showed its negativity to the virulence factors tests represented by the enzymes of (hemolysin, gelatin hydrolysis, lecithinase, DNAase).All isolates were subjected to the antibiotics sensitivity test toward twenty two antibiotics and they were sensitive in a rate of 100% toward Streptomycin,Pipracillin, Norfloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Rifampicin, Doxycyclin and Cephoxitin while toward Chloramphenicol it was 92% and for Tetracycline and Gentamycin itwas 80% for both. At the same time the isolates were resistant at a rate 100% to Augmentin, Ceftriaxone, Amoxicillin, Nalidixic acid, Lincomycin, Cefixine,Cloxacillin, Clindamycin, and the mixed Trimethoprin and Sulfamethoxazole
Emerged coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was a pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2). Disease severity is associated with elevated levels of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6). Genetic polymorphisms in the regulatory regions of cytokine genes may be associated with differential cytokine production in COVID-19 patients. This study aimed to investigate the association between potentially functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the promoter region of IL-6 and the severity of susceptibility to COVID-19 in an Iraq population. In total, 120 individuals (40 patients with severe COVID-19, 40 patients with mild COVID-19 and 40 healthy people) were recruited for this cohort study. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral blood leukocytes of patients to determine the genotype of SNPrs1800795 (-174 G>C) in the promoter region of the IL-6 gene by Sanger sequencing using ABI3730XL, automated DNA sequencer, by Macrogen Corporation – Korea after sent PCR products.
Toll-like receptor 7 (TLR7 genes was involved in the host immune response against viral infections including SARS-COV-2. This study aimed to investigate the association between the TLR7 (rs179008) polymorphisms with the prognosis and susceptibility to COVID-19 pneumonia accompanying SARSCOV-2 infection. This case-control study included 120 individuals: 80 COVID-19 patients (severe and mild) and 40 controls. Polymorphisms (TLR7 rs179008) were genotyped by Sanger sequencing using ABI3730XL, automated DNA sequencer, by Macrogen Corporation – Korea after sent PCR products. This study also investigated predictors of mortality in COVID-19 severity through logistic regression. The mutant‘T/T' genotypes and the ‘T' alleles of TLR7 (rs179008) polymorphisms were significantly associated with increased risk of COVID-19 severity. Our study illustrated that the males harbouring the TT genotype of TLR7 rs 170008 polymorphism could be more susceptible to COVID-19 pneumonia than females having the same genotype.
This study has been conducted on blood samples from patients with chronic lymphoid leukemia’s (CLL) who were diagnosed and treated at The National Center of Hematology between January 2006 to September 2009.The diagnosis was established depending on clinical and hematological findings. Immunophenotyping was performed by indirect immunofluorescence technique using fluorescent microscopy to identify CD 23 and CD 6 markers expression on peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Positive cell is seen with multiple fluorescence dyes around the membrane or by bright green membrane fluorescence, the cases considered as positive for marker when the marker is expressed in ≤ 30 of cells.Sixty cases were newly diagnosed untreated CLL patients with mean age of 64.5 ± 10.1 years with 9.4% of cases below the age of 45 years and male to female ration of 3:1were involved in this study.Immunological study showed that all the cases were CD 23 positive while CD6 were positive in 45 (75%) out of 60 cases and negative in 15(25%) out of 60 cases. These percentages in all CD 23 positive cases and CD6 positive CLL patients were higher significant than normal group (p=0.000).In conclusion, the positive CD23 expression clarify that the majority of chronic lymphoid leukemia are B-cell type .B-cell is the most common which is heterogeneous disease regarding clinical presentation ,hematological findings and morphological feature although CD6 is not specific marker for diagnosis of CLL ,but it may help in the diagnosis of CLL.
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