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Four novel asymmetric triphenylamine dyes configured with donor-donor-acceptor (D-D-A) and donor-donor-bridge-acceptor (D-D-p-A) structures were synthesized and applied to organic dye-sensitized solar cells. The terminal methoxy group in the donor part and the furane-bridge unit contributed to the wider absorption region and enhanced electron life time, resulting in a higher photocurrent density (J sc ), open-circuit voltage (V oc ), and overall conversion efficiency (Z). Among the synthesized dyes, the SK2-based DSSC showed the highest conversion efficiency of 5.57% (J sc = 10.41 mA cm À2 , V oc = 729 mV, and FF = 0.73) caused by the synergetic effect of the methoxy group and the furane-bridge unit.

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SummaryThe Cell-Dyn 4000 automated hematology analyzer (CD4000) has the ability to detect malaria patients, but it remained unclear whether it could detect persistent malaria post-treatment. To investigate this, we used the CD4000 to evaluate 68 Korean patients with Plasmodium vivax malaria, and control groups of 50 patients with fever and 50 asymptomatic patients. The results from the instrument-generated scatter plot (derived by laser light depolarization) were compared with microscopy results. During the initial diagnosis, the sensitivity of the CD4000 in detecting malaria was 91.2%. On day 3 of follow-up, the CD4000 results matched those from microscopy by 96.7%. Malaria was not detected by either method beyond 14 days post-presentation. Interestingly, the atypical depolarizing events, which typify the presence of malaria in the analyzer, were highly correlated with the levels of parasitaemia in serially diluted samples of the leucocyte-depleted blood, and the CD4000 detected parasites down to the level of 288 ± 17.7 /ll. Our findings suggest that the phenomenon of atypical light depolarization could be influenced by parasitaemia levels, and be used as a screening method for P. vivax malaria patients, as well as for the therapeutic monitoring.

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