A series of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) dispersions were prepared by chain-extending a prepolymer made of polyester diol, isophorone diisocyanate, and dimethylol propionic acid using cellulose acetate butyrate (CAB). The particle size and viscosity of the WPU dispersion were measured. In addition, we investigated the effects of CAB on the thermal, mechanical, and optical properties of WPU films. The use of CAB effectively improved the crosslinking degree of the WPUs, increasing the thermal stability and water resistance of the corresponding films. In particular, CAB increased the tensile strength of the WPU films up to 67%, while maintaining their elongation at break unchanged. In addition, CAB improved the optical transmittance by reducing the microphase separation between the soft and hard segments of PU. The rough surface structure of the WPU films formed by CAB led to improved matting properties.
The improvement of gel strength and absorption properties through the surface-crosslinking of superabsorbent polymers (SAPs) is essential for sanitary industry applications. We prepared core-SAP via aqueous solution copolymerization, and then surface-crosslinked the core-SAP under various conditions. The structure of the SAP was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) has been applied to determine the optimum surface-crosslinking conditions such as surface-crosslinker content, reaction temperature, and reaction time. The optimal surface-crosslinking conditions were identified at a surface-crosslinker content of 2.22 mol%, reaction temperature of 160 °C, and reaction time of 8.7 min. The surface-crosslinked SAP showed excellent absorbency under load of 50 g/g with a permeability of 50 s. Other absorption properties were also evaluated by measuring the free absorbency and centrifuge retention capacity in saline solution.
Herein, a novel biomass-derived itaconic acid (IA)-based epoxy acrylate oligomer (EAO) is synthesized by means of the esterification reaction of the epoxy group of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE) with the carboxylic group of IA. The detailed chemical structure of the as-prepared bisphenol A diglycidyl ether diitaconate (BI) is characterized via the KOH value, FT-IR spectrum, and 1H-NMR spectrum. Further, a dual-cure adhesive system is formulated using BADGE, acrylic acid, and trimethylolpropane triacrylate with various BI contents, and the adhesive performance is investigated by measuring the thermal stability, adhesive properties, pencil hardness, and surface energy properties. Thus, the dual-cure adhesive with a BI content of 0.3 mol is shown to provide excellent thermal stability, along with an adhesive strength of 10.7 MPa, a pencil hardness of 2H, and a similar surface energy to that of a typical polycarbonate film. In addition, the properties of the BI-based dual-cure adhesive are compared with those of the dual-cure adhesives based on bisphenol A glycerolate diacrylate or bisphenol A glycerolate dimethacrylate.
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