This study aimed to analyze the quality of Apis mellifera-produced honey generated from 6 mo old Acacia crassicarpa nectar at 28 d harvest period. The tests referred to the procedures required by the Indonesia National Standard (SNI) 8664-2018. The quality variables tested were of odor and taste and diastase enzyme activity as well as hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), water, reducing sugar (glucose), sucrose, acid, water insoluble matter, and ash contents. The data were analyzed by using the student t test, where one sample group was prepared to compare each honey quality variable with the quality standard value. The results showed a distinctive smell and taste of honey, enzyme activity > 1.52 DN, HMF 0 mg kg-1, water content 24.2 % w w-1, reducing sugar content 66.56 % w w-1, sucrose content 1.50 % w w-1, acidity 113.05 NaOH kg-1, water insoluble matter content 0.018 % w w-1, and ash content 0.26 % w w-1. It is concluded that the quality variables for honey samples that met the quality requirements were odor and taste, HMF, reducing sugar, sucrose, water insoluble matter, and ash. Meanwhile, those that do not meet the quality requirements are the activity of the attached enzyme, water content and acidity.
Ecotone – an area where two environments of different composition and structure meet due to land conversion – is prone to habitat loss and biodiversity devaluation as a result of fragmentation. Responsive to change, birds represent one of the common animals of all habitat types since their diversity and abundance are able to reflect ecological tendencies in different biodiversity. This study was aimed to analyze the diversity, abundance, and evenness of birds as well as determine their density and frequency in the ecotone area of Sutan Syarif Hasyim Forest Park, Riau, Indonesia. Six sections of the study area (natural forest-and-shrubbery, natural forest-and-palm oil plantation, natural forest-and-lake, shrubbery-and-palm oil plantation, shrubbery-and-lake, and palm oil plantation-and-lake) were observed by employing Line Intercept Transect. 1 182 individuals of 59 bird species were reported, with Pycnonotusaurigaster (Vieillot, 1818) as the dominant one. The total diversity index of 3.75, abundance 8.2 and evenness 0.92 were evident to high density and frequency of birds in the area.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.