In this study, the execution and assessment of the ANN approach towards the declaration of the pollution was used. The ANN-based models for prediction of Chemical and Biological Oxygen demands, (COD & BOD 5 ) and Total Suspended Solids (TSS) concentrations in the effluent were formed using a three-layered feed forward back propagation algorithm ANN towards assessing the performance of a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP). Two types of configurations were used, MISO and MIMO. The study showed the superiority of MIMO according to the results of R and MSE, which were used as evaluation functions for the predicted models. The results also showed that the model built to predict the values of BOD 5 concentrations demonstrate the best performance among the rest of the models by achieving the value of correlation coefficient up to 0.99. Among the input combinations tested in the study, the models the inputs of which did not contain BOD 5 had the best performance, which demonstrates that the BOD 5 has the largest influence on the values of R in the COD prediction models as well as other predicted models than TSS and other parameters; consequently, the performance of the WWTP was greatly affected. This study demonstrated the value of using artificial networks to represent the complex and non-linear relationship between raw influent and treated effluent water quality measurements.

The scarcity of water resources in arid areas, as well as the impact of agricultural and human activities on groundwater quantity and quality, need a greater emphasis on these resource quality evaluations. In this study, the groundwater quality in the governorate of Al-Najaf was investigated using geostatistical methods based on the kriging interpolation approach to interpolate values in regions where real data was not available, also groundwater samples were evaluated based on a variety of qualitative parameters. Linear Gaussian, exponential, stable, and quadratic were the semivariogram models the study examined, and archGIS software was extensively utilized to map the investigated data. The study concluded that the groundwater in this area is unsuitable neither for drinking purposes nor in most of the industries according to the Iraqi specifications. Wilcox and United States Salinity Laboratory (USSL) diagrams were used to analyse the accessible water wells in the area. The diagrams depicted that 95.8 percent of the available well water in the research region is unsuitable for irrigation due to the extremely high salinity and continued application of such water may result in the development of salt soils. Spatial examination of groundwater revealed serious problems with almost all groundwater parameters in terms of water appropriateness for drinking, irrigation, and other purposes.

Water is very plentiful through the planet in general. Nevertheless, clean drinking water is not always accessible in the proper time or place for sufficient public or ecological use. The water significance is emphasized by the fact that in the past, great cultures have arisen near and along water bodies. Water quality of some purification complexes (compact units) in the Babylon Province (13 compact unit) as compared with Al-Hillah Al Mouahad Project (water treatment plant) was assessed by the Water Quality Index (WQI) methodology. WQI offers a particular number that states the overall water quality at a definite place and period based on many parameters concerning the quality of water. The water produced from the compact units was classified as "good water" according to the WQI classification with the values ranging from 85.4 in Bermana unit to 99.17 in Al-Muamera compact unit. Moreover, the research results showed that the water purification complexes work with efficiency, very close to the performance of large water purification projects and stations, and this means that it is possible to rely on them to obtain good drinking water quality, especially in small or remote areas.

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