N-functionalized dithienopyrroles (DTP-NH 2) were synthesized and electropolymerized onto a graphite electrode as a novel conducting polymer matrix for biomolecule immobilization. 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR were utilized to investigate the characteristics of the monomer. After that, glucose oxidase (GOx) was immobilized onto the amino-functionalised matrix by means of glutaraldehyde. The surface morphologies of both DTP-NH 2 and DTP-NH 2-GOx were visualised by using SEM and fluorescence microscopy. The chronoamperometric signals of the electrochemical DTP-NH 2-GOx biosensors were measured by monitoring the O 2 consumption during an enzymatic reaction in the presence of glucose at 20.7 V. After the optimization of the pH and scan number of the polymer deposition in batch mode, the DTP-NH 2-GOx biosensor was also tested in Flow Injection Analysis (FIA) mode. The DTP-NH 2-GOx biosensors had a very good linearity between 0.05 and 1.0 mM, and between 0.1 and 2.5 mM for glucose in batch and FIA modes, respectively. Finally, it was applied for glucose analysis in real samples where commercial glucose kits were used as the reference method to verify the data obtained with the proposed biosensor.
New p-conjugated polymers containing dithieno(3,2-b:2 0 ,3 0 -d)pyrrole (DTP) were successfully synthesized via electropolymerization. The effect of structural differences on the electrochemical and optoelectronic properties of the 4-[4H-dithieno(3,2-b:2 0 ,3 0d)pyrrol-4-yl]aniline (DTP-aryl-NH 2 ), 10-[4H-dithiyeno(3,2-b:2 0 ,3 0 -d)pirol-4-il]dekan-1-amine (DTP-alkyl-NH 2 ), and 1,10-bis[4Hdithieno(3,2-b:2 0 ,3 0 -d)pyrrol-4-yl] decane (DTP-alkyl-DTP) were investigated. The corresponding polymers were characterized by cyclic voltammetry, NMR ( 1 H-NMR and 13 C-NMR), and ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy. Changes in the electronic nature of the functional groups led to variations in the electrochemical properties of the p-conjugated systems. The electroactive polymer films revealed redox couples and exhibited electrochromic behavior. The replacement of the DTP-alkyl-DTP unit with DTP-aryl-NH 2 and DTP-alkyl-NH 2 resulted in a lower oxidation potential. Both the poly(10-(4H-Dithiyeno[3,2-b:2 0 ,3 0 -d]pirol-4-il)dekan-1-amin) (poly(DTP-alkyl-NH 2 )) and poly(1,10-bis(4H-dithieno[3,2-b:2 0 ,3 0 -d]pyrrol-4-yl) decane) (poly(DTP-alkyl-DTP)) films showed multicolor electrochromism and also fast switching times (<1 s) in the visible and near infrared regions. V C 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 2014, 131, 40701.
Several 1,4-bis(indolin-1-ylmethyl)benzene-based compounds containing substituents such as five, six and seven cyclic derivatives on indeno part (9a-c) were prepared and tested against two members of the pH regulatory enzyme family, carbonic anhydrase (CA). The inhibitory potencies of the compounds at the human isoforms hCA I and hCA II targets were analyzed and KI values were calculated. KI values of compounds for hCA I and hCA II human isozymes were measured in the range of 39.3-42.6μM and 0.17-0.29μM, respectively. The structurally related compound indole was also tested in order to understand the structure-activity relationship. Most of the compounds showed good CA inhibitory efficacy. In silico docking studies of these derivatives within hCA I and II were also carried out and results are supported the kinetic assays.
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