Effective tumor regression has been observed with chimeric
antigen
receptor (CAR) T cells; however, the development of an affordable,
safe, and effective CAR-T cell treatment remains a challenge. One
of the major obstacles is that the suboptimal genetic modification
of T cells reduces their yield and antitumor activity, necessitating
the development of a next-generation T cell engineering approach.
In this study, we developed a nonviral T cell nanoengineering system
that allows highly efficient delivery of diverse functional nanomaterials
into primary human T cells in a genetically stable and scalable manner.
Our platform leverages the unique cell deformation and restoration
process induced by the intrinsic inertial flow in a microchannel to
create nanopores in the cellular membrane for macromolecule internalization,
leading to effective transfection with high scalability and viability.
The proposed approach demonstrates considerable potential as a practical
alternative technique for improving the current CAR-T cell manufacturing
process.
The shape and motion of sliding drops on an inclined plane have been studied experimentally. In the experiments, various volumes of water, ink, ethylene glycol, and glycerin drops are placed on solid surfaces and the substrate is tilted to record the motion of the drops. A scaling law is provided to predict the steady-state velocity of the drop. It is shown that Poiseulle flow analysis cannot describe the steady-state motion of a drop. Instead, much stronger dissipation arising near the contact line is shown to play a major role in determining the speed of the drop. The scaling analysis agrees with experimental results using highly viscous liquid drops of ethylene glycol and glycerin. On the other hand, relatively inviscid drops of water and ink more slowly before abruptly accelerating to a high speed. This suggests that there exist two jumps in the dynamic state of those drops, one corresponding to initiation of movement and the other to a subsequent transition to a steady motion.
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