where R is the rate of hydrogen evolution (mol/s), and AG is the standard free energy change for the decomposition of water to hydrogen and oxygen (J/mol). If a correction is made for the light absorbed by the polysulfide solution, the efficiency was 0.91%. Further improvements can be made by using a better electrode with a lower overpotential for 02 evolution than Pt (e.g., a nickel-based electrode13) and by using smaller bandgap material (13) Tidak, B.
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