A simple mathematical model was applied to the results of a seroepidemiologic study of toxoplasmosis carried out in France in 1982-1983. An adequate fitting to the prevalence data observed on 7,605 women of childbearing age was obtained. Thus, the data were used to estimate the seroconversion rate, allowing the approach to and discussion of insights gained from the model, such as the risk of Toxoplasma infection during pregnancy, the age-related expected risks of maternal seroconversion, as well as an overall prediction of the yearly number of congenitally infected infants in the total population. In addition, the high prevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis in France and the excess risk encountered by young migrant women from lower prevalence areas were confirmed by the model. The model might therefore be useful for public health purposes in other countries.
1. The kinetics and dynamics of long acting propranolol 80 mg and 160 mg were examined after single oral doses to 12 healthy volunteers. 2. Long acting propranolol 160 mg produced a twofold increase in mean peak blood propranolol concentration and AUC compared with the lower dose. There was no difference in elimination half‐life, bioavailability and mean residence time of propranolol between the two doses. 3. Resting pulse rate was decreased by long acting propranolol 160 mg but not by the lower dose. 4. Both preparations blocked exercise induced tachycardia during the entire observation period of 29 h. Percentage inhibition of exercise tachycardia was significant at all time points but long acting propranolol 160 mg exhibited a greater reduction at 24 h and 29 h. 5. Increase in systolic blood pressure during exercise was inhibited by both preparations during the entire observation period with no differences between them. 6. The doubling of the dose administered was reflected in blood concentrations but not in pharmacodynamic parameters. Few pharmacodynamic differences were found between the two doses.
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