The aim: The study of the possibilities of oxidase-antioxidant system indicators regulation at patients with periodontitis under the influence of complex treatment. Materials and methods: 36 healthy and 125 patients with chronic and exacerbated periodontitis of primary (22 and 21), I (21) and II (20) degrees were examined.Indicators of lipid peroxidation and antioxidant protection (levels of diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde, catalase activity and transferrin iron saturation, ceruloplasmin activity) in the blood serum were studied before, 6 and 12 months after the appointed treatment. Initial periodontal therapy and a paste developed by us (spirulina microalgae powders and silica enterosorbent taken in equal amounts and 0.05% chlorhexidine bigluconate) for applications and instillations were exogenously used in the complex treatment. Spirulina tablets were prescribed per os as well. Results: All patients exhibit elevated levels of diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde, decreased catalase activity and transferrin iron saturation as well as an increased ceruloplasmin activity, especially pronounced at stages I and II (p1≤0.01-0.001). Treatment contributed to long-term and reliable (p2<0.05 - 0.001) regulation of the studied parameters: reduction of diene conjugates and malonic dialdehyde, ceruloplasmin activity and increased catalase activity and transferrin iron saturation. All indicators differed slightly from the norm during the year (p1>0.05), and complete normalization of most of them lasted six months. At the same time clinical stabilization of periodontitis was reached. Conclusions: Indicators of the oxidase-antioxidant system in patients with periodontitis are significantly altered and indicate their participation in the pathogenesis of the disease. Complex treatment was able to almost completely normalize them within six months, but a year later the difference between the obtained indicators with data in healthy people was insignificant (except for ceruloplasmin). Clinical stabilization was achieved in all patients.
There were studied 92 somatically healthy persons of young age (18-25 years old), with generalized periodontitis (GP) of initial-I degree of development, among them: 30 patients with chronic generalized periodontitis (CGP), who were included into group I; and 32 patients with exacerbation of the chronic generalized periodontitis (ECGP) -into group II; and 30 healthy patients. The carbohydrate metabolism indexes were studied, namely: the content of glucose, pyruvate (pyruvic acid) and lactate (lactic acid) and lactate dehydrogenase activity (LDG) in the oral liquid. We have determined that in the presence of CGP of the initial-I degree of development, and especially in its exacerbation, there is a significant increase of indicators of carbohydrate metabolism. In young patients with CGP indicators of glucose, pyruvate, lactate and LDG activity in the oral liquid increased by 2.0, 1.34, 1.58 and 1.37 (p<0.001, p<0.01) times respectively, and in case of ECGP they grew even more: by 2.71, 1.98, 1.76 and 2.07 (p<0.001) times, respectively. Among all the indicators, that characterize the carbohydrate metabolism, in addition to the level of pyruvate, in case of different course of GP a significant difference was revealed: in patients with ECGP compared with the data in CGP, glucose and lactate levels and LDG activity in the oral liquid were significantly higher -at 35.75% (p<0.05), 34.29% (p<0.01) and 36.59% (p<0.001) respectively. Detected violations of carbohydrate metabolism indeces in the oral liquid indicate the involvement of these processes in the pathogenesis of GP and the necessity of their correction. Keywords generalized periodontitis; oral fluid; carbohydrate metabolismIvano-Frankivsk National Medical University, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ukraine *Corresponding author: alina.Kimak@gmail.com Problem statement and analysis of the recent researchDiseases of periodontal tissues, especially GP is one of the most topical problems of dentistry, which acquires a high social significance, caused by a considerable prevalence of the disease in young people and the possibility of development of severe changes in periodontal tissues and the body of the patient as a whole [1,7,13]. Having remission periods and exacerbation, the GP often significantly impairs the functions of the dentofacial system because of the bony tissue resorption and damage of the retaining apparatus of the teeth [3].The most recent data on the problems of etiopathogenesis of GP suggest that besides morpho-functional disorders of the tooth-jaw system, there is a number of violations in the metabolic status of the patient's body, in particular, protein and carbohydrate metabolism [8,11]. In this case, the metabolism of carbohydrates in patients with GP, especially in young people, was barely studied. In this regard, the study of the state of carbohydrate metabolism in patients with GP is relevant.The objective of the research is to study the parameters of carbohydrate metabolism in the mouth fluid of young people with GP of initial-I degree of developm...
For the study of some mechanisms of the pathogenesis of generalized periodontitis, there were examined 64 patients who were divided into the following groups: Group I – 12 healthy people (6 men and 6 women); Group ІІ – 40 patients with grade I generalized periodontitis (20 men and 20 women) and Group ІІІ – 12 patients with grade II-III generalized periodontitis (6 men and 6 women). On the cytological preparations of buccal epitheliocytes of the oral mucosa stained with aceto-orcein, 100 nucleus-containing epitheliocytes were examined with the help of microscope “Axioskop”, a company Zeizz, with a 1000×magnification. Cytomorphometric characteristics were studied: the perimeter and the cell surface area, the perimeter and the surface area of the nucleus, and the ratio of the surface area of the nucleus to the cell surface area. In all the patients with generalized periodontitis, the perimeter and cell area and the perimeter and epithelial cell nuclei area (p<0.05 – p<0.001) as well as the nuclear-cytoplasmic correlation reduced significantly, especially in men, that could be regarded as compensatory changes at the cellular level. According to the parameters of cells of epitheliocytes, and especially their nuclei, in both healthy people and patients with generalized periodontitis, gender differences were identified, especially in Group ІІІ. Thus, it could be argued that the measurement of the perimeter and the area of cells of buccal epitheliocytes and their nuclei reflects the functional activity of the hereditary apparatus in the patients with generalized periodontitis.
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