SUMMARY:Simple enzymatic methods were developed for the synthesis of lysolecithin, glycerolyzed lecithin and hydrolyzed lecithin. The products were characterized in terms of their acetone insoluble matter, hexane insoluble matter, moisture, phospholipid distribution and fatty acid composition. The HLB value ranges of different products with different acid values were detected. The efficiency of optimally hydrolyzed lecithin was examined at high calcium ion, low pH, and aqueous solutions and compared with commercially available standard lecithin-based emulsifiers. Overall, lysolecithin powder was proven to be the best emulsifier even at strong and medium acidic conditions. KEYWORDS: Concentrated lecithin; Glycerolyzed lecithin; Hydrolyzed lecithin; Lysolecithin; Powdered lecithinRESUMEN: Preparación enzimática y caracterización de emulsionantes a base de lecitina de soja. Se han desarrollado métodos enzimáticos simples para la síntesis de lisolecitina, lecitina esterificada a glicerol y lecitina hidrolizada. Los productos se caracterizaron en términos de su composición en materia insoluble en acetona, materia insoluble en hexano, humedad, distribución de fosfolípidos y ácidos grasos. Además, se detectaron rangos de los valores de HLB de diferentes productos con valores de ácido diferentes. La eficiencia de la lecitina hidrolizada de forma óptima fue estudiada en función de una alta concentración de ion calcio, pH bajo, y soluciones acuosas y se compara con emulsionantes basados en lecitina estándar disponibles en el mercado. En general, el polvo de lisolecitina mostró ser el mejor emulsionante incluso en condiciones ácidas fuertes y medias. PALABRAS CLAVE: Lecitina concentrada; Lecitina en polvo; Lecitina esterificada a glicerol; Lecitina hidrolizada; LisolecitinaCitation/Cómo citar este artículo: Reddy Jala RC, Chen B, Li H, Zhang Y, Cheong L-Z, Yang T, Xu X. 2016. Enzymatic preparation and characterization of soybean lecithin-based emulsifiers. Grasas Aceites 67, e168. http://dx.doi.
The synthesis of l-ascorbyl myristate through esterification of l-ascorbic acid and myristic acid catalyzed by lipase was studied. The effect of different parameters including lipase, molecular sieve 4 Å, organic solvent, and tetrabutyl ammonium bromide (TBAB) was evaluated. The results showed excellent yield in the presence of Novozyme435 as catalyst, 10 % (w/w of l-ascorbic acid) of 4 Å molecular sieve and 10 % (w/w of l-ascorbic acid) of TBAB as additives in 1,4-dioxane. Furthermore, response surface methodology (RSM) and 5-level-4-factor central composite design (CCD) were employed to evaluate the effects of parameters on the yield of l-ascorbyl myristate. According to the analysis result of ridge max, the optimal synthesis conditions were predicted, as follows: reaction time 27.1 h, temperature 54.1 °C, enzyme amount 25.9 % (% w/w of l-ascorbic acid), substrate molar ratio 5, and the optimal actual yield was 85.0 %.
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