First faunistlc inventory of chironomlds (Diptera, Chironomidae) of Morocco.

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Mots clés : Diptera, Chironomidae, liste faunistique, biogéographie, Maroc.Un deuxième inventaire des Chironomidés du Maroc est donné. 87 taxa, la plupart identifiés à l'espèce, sont ajoutés à la première liste portant à 223 le total des espèces actuellement connues du Maroc.La majorité a une large répartition paléarctique ; 7 espèces ont une distribution afrotropicale intéressante ; 10 espèces peuvent être considérées comme des endémiques de la région Sud-Ouest paléarctique. New collections of chironomids (Diptera) from MoroccoKeywords : Diptera, Chironomidae, faunistic list, biogeography, Morocco.A second list of chironomids of Morocco is given. 87 taxa, most of which are identified to species, are added to the first list. The total number of species now recorded for Morocco is 223.The majority of species have a broad palearctic distribution ; 7 species have an interesting afrotropical distribution ; 10 species can be considered as endemic to the Southwest palearctic region.

This paper summarizes the results of recent excavations (i982-goExcavations of prehistoric cave sites during the I930S in Mt. Carmel and Galilee yielded many extremely important human remains which have contributed to the study of the origin of modern humans and to our understanding of their relationship to the European Neanderthals. Garrod's work on the Mt. Carmel caves and Neuville's on Qafzeh Cave (near Nazareth) uncovered a wealth of human remains as well as rich lithic and faunal assemblages. The lithic industries from these sites were defined as "Levalloiso-Mousterian" and were correlated with similar Middle Paleolithic industries in Europe (Garrod and Bate I937, Neuville I95I, Rust I950, Howell I 9 5 9).The dating of these assemblages, as in other Pleistocene sites of the Old World, was based largely on longdistance faunal correlations. Faunal assemblages from stratified European sites were used as a scale for establishing relative chronology in the Levant. The disappearance of archaic species and the appearance of new species reflected change through time that provided a means for establishing the relative age of sites. Biogeographical considerations and the known recent habitats of similar species were taken into account in reconstructing biozones.i. We thank the L. S. B. Leakey Foundation, the Centre National de Recherche Scientifique, the French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, the Centre de Recherches Francais de Jerusalem, the Irene Levi-Sala CARE Archaeological Foundation (London), the Israel Prehistoric Society, and the Israel Exploration Society for their generous help in funding and administering the funds for the field and laboratory studies.We warmly thank Mario Chech, who took care of all the technical aspects of the excavations and was responsible for the production of the cast of the burial and all the preserved skeletal elements. We are grateful to R. Housely (Oxford) Historically, it was the analysis of the assemblages of microvertebrates which first indicated that there were problems with the accepted chronology. The late George Haas had noted in his report in Jelinek et al. (I973) the discrepancy between the assemblages of microvertebrates from layer C of Tabiun and those from the Qafzeh hominid-bearing deposits (layers XII-XXIV). He suggested that the archaic species present at Qafzeh were closer to the small assemblage described by Bate from Tabiun layers E (Acheulo-Yabrudian) and F (Upper Acheulian) but did not draw the necessary chronological conclusions. The meaning of these paleontological observations was clearly presented in a general overview of Near Eastern faunas prepared by Tchernov (i98i), who assigned the microvertebrates of Qafzeh to the Early Mousterian and by this indicated that they represented the oldest known Middle Paleolithic assemblage in the Levant. By combining the paleoclimatic interpretation of the depositional events responsible for the accumulation of the stratigraphic sequences in both Qafzeh and Tabiun Caves with the relative chronology offered by Tchernov for...

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Des récoltes d'exuvies nymphales de Chironomides effectuées pendant l'été dans deux stations lotiques (Lot etTruyèreA study of the drift of pupal exuviae of chironomids at the confluence of the Truyère and the River Lot.Pupal exuviae of chironomids were collected in summer at two lotie stations (Lot and Truyère) and one lenitic station (Cambeyrac/Truyère réservoir). 124 species were taken. An index of association (Southwood 1966) was used to compare the populations at the three stations, and showed that there were two groups of species, one group with 22 species common to the two rivers and the other with 13 species exclusively found in the Truyère. The possibility of studying the drift distance of the exuviae, by utilising the species in the second group as « tracer », is discussed.

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