It has been demonstrated that the choice of the right optical brightening agent for use in the dope or for topic‐brightening in the textile‐mill has a big influence on the ability of the fiber to be further brightened in the wash‐bath, on the lightfastness and the washfastness of the white, and very often also on the colored wash‐load. The investigation also deals with the mutual influence of brighteners applied during the production of the fiber or the fabric and those used in detergents. Ways are described to overcome undesired changes in the hues of pastel shades. Some aspects of the visual assessment and measurement of whitening effects are discussed.
Uptake of fluorescent whitening agents from aqueous and organic systems by polyester fibers and films under various conditions was investigated. Different factors influencing the correlation between uptake of the fluorescent whitening agents and their performance in laundry liquors are discussed on the basis of the presented data. The results indicate that fluorescent whitening agents normally used for whitening other synthetic fibers can also have valuable additional effects on polyester. Furthermore the results are discussed in terms of the possible mechanisms of whitening.
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