Maccabeus tentaculatus Por, 1973 from the infralittoral bottoms of Cyprus is described. A detailed description of this new type of priapulid is given. The animals are characterized by a tubiculous life, a peculiar tentacular crown and a “trap‐feeding” nutrition of small prey animals. A whole series of morphological peculiarities of the external and internal morphology corresponds to the mode of life and feeding of the animals. All the specimens found are females. The larva is a typical priapulid larva. All the stages to the adult have been found.

River Dan is the largest of the headwater rivers of the Jordan. The karstic exsurgence of the Dan has a seasonally stable output, a long stretch of strongly turbulent flow, stable temperature around 15.5 °C and high oxygen saturation. A total of 156 taxa, mainly at the species level, were identified from the river. These species are almost exclusively of Palearctic origin. About half of the species are limited to the northernmost part of Israel. The faunal complex described, does not present any longitudinal zonation for the 5 kilometers of turbulent flow; neither does it present seasonal changes in species composition. River Dan is considered to be a post-Pleistocenic river which has an important function of refugium for a wide area of aquatic waterbodies in the area, including the presently drained Lake Hula. It is suggested that in the Illies scheme of stream classification, River Dan might represent a type of stream belonging to a 'pseudorhithral' along with other stenothermic warm water torrents of the tropical-subtropical climatic belt.

The relationship between invertebrate densities, current velocity and water depth was studied in the Dan River, northern Israel. Maximum current preferences ranged from 5-120 cm set -', and depth preferences ranged from 5-60 cm. Thirty-five taxa of invertebrates were collected by means of colonization cages. Larval and adult stages of 3 Elmidae (Coleoptera) species were treated separately: Limnius letourneuxi, Grouvellinus caucasicus and Elmis rioloides. Differences in current preference were observed between larval and adult stages of the same species of Elmidae. Taxa were also grouped according to preference for turbulence. Wide ranges of depth and current velocity preferences were observed. Most of the taxa were found at between 80-100 cm set -I and at depths of less than 30 cm. A correlation between species diversity and current velocity was established. Velocities of 60-80 cm set-' contained the greatest overlap of faunal preference. The sensitivity of selected species to stream flow reduction is discussed.

Bromley, H. J. (Department of Zoology, the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel). Morpho-karyological types qf Dugesia (Turbellaria, Tricladida) in Israel and their distribution patterns. Zool. Scr. 3 (5-6): 239-242, 1974.-Populations of Dugesia in Israel have been classified on morphological and karyological criteria into 5 types. Two of these are morphologically similar to the Dugesia lugubris group (n= 4) but differ karyologically (Types 1 and 2: n = 8 ) , and three types are morphologically similar to the Dugesia gonocephala group (n = 8) but two differ karyologically (Types 4 and 5: n=9). The three 'gonocephala' types are distributed in three distinct areas of Israel with little overlap, while the two 'lugubris' types are found in springs of one of these areas, The Rift Valley, where special localised conditions prevail. Possible relationships between Types 3, 4 and 5 are discussed with particular reference to their karyotypes and the presence of supernumerary chromosomes in Type 5.

A 4.5 km section of the River Dan in northern Israel was sampled at intervals of 6 weeks, between April 1983-March 1984, using standardized mesh bags. The river is characterized by extremely stable temperature and other physical and chemical conditions. The effects of a water diversion project 2400 m from the spring were investigated.The relationships between fauna and depth, current velocity and distance from the spring sources were evaluated. Of 48 common taxa analyzed, 27 showed relativity to the distance from the sources, 18 to current velocity and 12 to depth. The lowest density of invertebrates, but the highest number of taxa and highest variety of species were found at the spring sources. The sampling site immediately downstream from the water diversion project was characterized by intermediate densities, lowest varieties of species and highest evenness of distribution.Results are compared with the predictions of the Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis; but the influence of invertebrate drift caused this hypothesis to be inapplicable to lotic waters. Invertebrate drift is in addition suggested as an important factor governing the structure of the fauna at the spring sources.