This study was undertaken to determine the incidence of coagulase-positive staphylococci in an unconfined normal population. N'o significant relationship could be shown betwveen carrier rate and sex, age, or season. Race appears to be associated with nasal carriage of S. aureus.

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SUMMARY— A surgical isolator technique was developed for obtaining sterile muscle tissue from a beef carcass. This tissue was compared during refrigerated storage with a general inoculum tissue sample, a low level general inoculum sample, a sample inoculated with Pseudomonas and an Achromobacter sample. Protein fractionation revealed a decrease in sarcoplasmic protein for all treatments during storage. An initial rise, followed by a relatively constant value in the myofibrillar fraction, was also observed for all treatments. The stroma fraction, the nonprotein nitrogen fraction, percent free water, pH and emulsifying capacity of the aseptic and low level inoculated samples remained fairly constant throughout storage. The higher level inoculated samples decreased slightly in stroma protein during storage and increased in nonprotein nitrogen late in the storage period, These same treatments increased in pH, decreased in percent free water and increased in emulsifying capacity (late in storage).

The longevity of representative species of bacterial enteric pathogens exposed to water from Ohio farm ponds was studied. Salmonella species survived about 16 days, while Shigella species survived about 12 days, indicating survival of enteric pathogens in pond water for a significant time interval. These observations emphasize the importance of preventive measures to block entrance of such organisms into pond waters, including such precautions as location of the pond in a spot that will avoid polluting drainage and exclusion of farm animals from the pond watershed. The results also emphasize the importance of an effective water treatment system that is properly maintained.

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HORN. Coliforms, enterococci, thermodurics, thermophiles, and psychrophiles in untreated farm pond waters. Appl. Microbiol. 10:44-51. 1962.-Untreated waters from ten farm ponds located in central, north central, southeastern, and southwestern Ohio were examined for numbers of coliforms, enterococci, thermodurics, thermophiles, and psychrophiles. The median population densities per 100 ml water for all ponds were: coliforms, 23; enterococci, 3.6; thermodurics, 6,000; thermophiles, 450; psychrophiles, 1,000. The results indicate that these farm pond waters were only lightly polluted and suggest that farm ponds, properly maintained, are a source of raw water of high bacteriological quality, requiring a minimum of treatment to be made suitable for domestic and livestock purposes.