The peach fruit fly, Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) became a serious pest in Egypt; however, it attacking a wide range of fruit species. The purpose of this study was to enhance of Buminal, Agrinal and Amadene (commercially available protein-based baits in Egypt) in attracting B. zonata by using ammonium acetate and diammonium phosphate under the field conditions of a mango orchard. McPhail traps were used containing mixtures of protein-bait and ammonium compound (with ratios of 1:1, 2:1 and 1:2, respectively) in comparison with either protein-bait or ammonium compound alone. The obtained results showed that the attracted B. zonata flies to the mixtures between Buminal and ammonium acetate did not differ significantly with Buminal alone; while, all mixtures between the same bait and di-ammonium phosphate were significantly higher than Buminal alone. With respect to Agrinal, when it mixed with ammonium acetate (at a ratio of 1:1) or mixed with di-ammonium phosphate (at all ratios) attracted significantly higher numbers of B. zonata flies in comparison with Agrinal alone. Mixtures containing di-ammonium phosphate (at all ratios) or ammonium acetate (at a ratio of 1:1) mixed with Amadene exhibited significantly higher attractability for B. zonata flies in comparison with Amadene alone. On another hand, all of the tested treatments attracted more females than males. As a conclusion, each of Agrinal or Amadene can be enhanced by mixing any of them with di-ammonium phosphate or ammonium acetate at a ratio of 1:1 which resulting significantly higher attractability of B. zonata especially females; while, Buminal can be enhanced by mixing it with di-ammonium phosphate at the same ratio.

Haemolymph proteins of Euprepocnemis plorans nymph and adult females were estimated after they feeding on different foods,and trypsin activity in midgut of nymphs. Electrophoresis of heamolymph from grasshoppers fed on lupin (Lupinus trmis) or horsebean (Vicia faba) showed much less stainable protein in comparison to those fed on clover (Trifolium alexandrinum). Trypsin activity in midgutt wall or in midgut were lower in nymphs fed on lupin or horsebean than those from nymphs fed on clover .

No abstract

Different concentrations of CO2 were tested as curative control method against the the saw-toothed beetle, Oryzaephilus saurinamensis and the warehouse moths, Ephestia Spp. which attack the dry date fruits during storage. The mortality percentages positively correlated with CO2 concentration and the exposure period. Treatment with 20% CO2 (lowest concentration) for 1 day exposure gave 35.3% mortality of O. saurinamensis but only 16.9 and 26.6% mortality of Ephestia Spp.larvae and pupae, respectively. 98.9% mortality of O. saurinamensis was obtained with 50% CO2 (highest concentration) for 7 days, while the same treatment gave 93.3% and 90.3%. mortality of Ephestia Spp.larvae and pupae, respectively.

Five concentrations of azadirachtin oil (1%) were tested to evaluate its effect as protectant of wheat grains against the rice weevil, Sitophilus oryzae (L.) infestation. These concentrations wer10, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 ppm, the assay set up on parent adults and the progeny which resulted from them. The results showed that, the percentage of adult mortality in parent adults increased by increasing the concentration of azadirachtin oil through 12 days after treatment compared to untreated control. The used concentrations did not affect on the life span of parent adults. The number of emerged adults (progeny) was greatly affected by the different used concentrations compared to untreated control.. The developmental period of progeny from egg laying to adult emergence on treated wheat significantly longed compared to untreated control. The re was greatly reduction in adult emergence on treated wheat compared to untreated wheat. The percentage of weight loss in untreated wheat (control) was 22% compared with the treatments which were 15.33, 9.33 , 8.5, 6.0 and 4.66% at 10, 50, 100, 500 and 1000 ppm of azadirachtin, respectively. The azadirachtin oil gave a good protection to wheat against the rice weevil.