The authors report on current-induced magnetization switching ͑CIMS͒ in single-crystalline nanopillars. Fe͑14 nm͒ /Cr͑0.9 nm͒ /Fe͑10 nm͒ /Ag͑6 nm͒ /Fe͑2 nm͒ multilayers are deposited by molecular-beam epitaxy. The central Fe layer is coupled to the thick one by interlayer exchange coupling over Cr, while the topmost Fe layer is decoupled. Nanopillars with 150 nm diameter are prepared by optical and e-beam lithographies. The opposite spin scattering asymmetries of the Fe/ Cr and Fe/ Ag interfaces enabled the authors to observe normal and inverse CIMS for the two subsystems, which are combined in a single device. At high magnetic fields, steplike resistance changes are measured at positive currents and are attributed to current-driven magnetic excitations.
The scattering of photons from spin waves (Brillouin light scattering -BLS) is a well-established technique for the study of layered magnetic systems. The information about the magnetic state and properties of the sample is contained in the frequency position, width, and intensity of the BLS peaks. Previously [Phys. Rev. B 67, 184404 (2003)], we have shown that spin wave frequencies can be conveniently calculated within the ultrathin film approach, treating the intralayer exchange as an effective bilinear interlayer coupling between thin virtual sheets of the ferromagnetic layers.Here we give the consequent extension of this approach to the calculation of the Brillouin light scattering (BLS) peak intensities. Given the very close relation of the BLS cross-section to the magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE), the depth-resolved longitudinal and polar MOKE coefficients calculated numerically via the usual magneto-optic formalism can be employed in combination with the spin wave precessional amplitudes to calculate full BLS spectra for a given magnetic system. This approach allows an easy calculation of BLS intensities even for noncollinear spin configurations including the exchange modes. The formalism is applied to a Fe/Cr/Fe/Ag/Fe trilayer system with one antiferromagnetically coupling spacer (Cr). Good agreement with the experimental spectra is found for a wide variety of spin configurations.
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