RESUMO -Foram avaliadas as características da biomassa do capim-tanzânia sob três frequências de desfolhação (85, 95 e 97% da interceptação da radiação fotossinteticamente ativa -IRFA) e dois resíduos pós-pastejo (índices de área foliar residual de 1,0 e 1,8) em delineamento inteiramente casualizado em arranjo fatorial 3 × 2, com quatro repetições. O maior período de descanso foi verificado para o menor resíduo pós-pastejo e a frequência com 97% de IRFA. Observou-se uma altura elevada, assim como maior IAF para a frequência com 97% de IRFA. Já no caso da densidade populacional de perfilhos (DPP) e no nº de folhas/perfilho, ocorreu uma interação entre os fatores, com uma redução nos seus valores nos pastos manejados com IAF residual de 1,8. As massas de forragem, com exceção da forragem morta, foram fortemente influenciadas pela frequência de desfolhação, mostrando maior produção para frequência de desfolhação com 95% de IRFA. A interceptação luminosa no residual, assim como a altura nessa condição, foram maiores para o maior resíduo pós-pastejo.A DPP residual apresentou interação entre os fatores com redução no perfilhamento nas freqüências 85 e 95% de IRFA no
The aim of this work was to determine the adaptability of Saanen and ½Saanen × ½Anglo-Nubian (½S½AN) goats bred in tropical climates. The study included 30 goats, 15 Saanen and 15 ½S½AN. The data was collected during the rainy and dry seasons. During the whole experimental period, the environment variables were recorded, as well as rectal temperature (RT), superficial temperature (ST), respiratory rate (RR) and heart rate (HR) and milk production (MP). The adaptability coefficient (AC) was calculated for both genotypes. The averages were evaluated by ANOVA at 5% probability. There was a genotype and period of year effect, as well as the interaction genotype × period of year. Pearson's simple correlation analysis was then carried out between milk production and physiological and environment variables. There was a statistical difference (p < 0.05) between the seasons for RT, ST and RR. RT, RR and HR were lower for ½S½AN than Saanen goats, regardless of the season. MP was greater in the dry season (p < 0.05) (2.52 ± 0.50 kg/day for ½S½AN and 2.41 ± 0.38 kg/day for Saanen) than the rainy season (2.17 ± 0.27 kg/day for ½S½AN and 2.28 ± 0.53 kg/day for Saanen). The MP correlations were very significant (p < 0.05), however low and negative, where it was higher when correlated with RR in Saanen goats. Under the conditions of the present study, it is concluded that the goats were influenced by climatic factors, where the rainy period was more likely to cause thermal stress in the animals.
-The objective of the present study was to evaluate the effects of supplementation with detoxified castor meal (DCM) in the diet of ewes during pregnancy, partum, and post-partum on the weight development of their offspring and at slaughter. The study included 56 ewes with synchronized estrus that were naturally mated. At the beginning of pregnancy and in post-partum, hepatic and renal function-related parameters and progesterone levels were measured. At slaughter, the proximate composition and fatty acid profile were determined in the loin of ewes. There was no effect of diet on reproductive response after estrus synchronization. At the beginning of pregnancy, albumin and creatinine levels were lower in the DCM group. Supplementation with DCM did not alter the weight or body condition of ewes at partum. However, at weaning, the DCM group showed a higher loin-eye area (LEA) in relation to the group fed diets without detoxified castor meal (WDCM). At partum, as well as at weaning, the offspring of the ewes supplemented with DCM had a larger LEA than the WDCM group. In post-partum, levels of glucose, urea, protein, and cholesterol were lower in the DCM group. The return to cyclicity was similar in both groups, with an average of 47 days after partum. At slaughter, neither anatomical and carcass components nor the results of the proximate analysis were affected by the type of diet, except for an increase in heptadecanoic acid in the DCM group. Supplementation with detoxified castor meal in the diet of ewes does not affect lambing, pregnancy, prolificacy, return to cyclicity, milk production, blood biochemical parameters, or carcass characteristics.
The effect of high dietary lipid on the meat quality parameters of shoulder meat adult goats in raw meat and during curing and smoking was evaluated by classical and multivariate approaches. The animals were divided into two groups of different finishing strategies: without whole full-fat linseed (WFFLG, n = 9) and whole full-fat linseed (FFLG, n = 9), with diets containing an ether extract content of 2.7% and 6.9%, respectively. The physicochemical attributes did not vary according to the experimental diets in raw meat. The colorimetric parameters and pH varied during curing and smoking. Through multivariate analysis the first two principal components (PC), it was possible to identified variables were highly importance the total variation (L*, a*, b*, C*, h*, and fat content) in raw meat and smoking. The fat content and color b* presented the highest scores for importance of the variable in the projection. Lipid supplementation of adult goats did not influence the quality parameters physicochemical of the raw shoulder meat. However, after curing and smoking there was a significant effect of diet on Hue angle (h*).
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