It can be suggested that pyrethroids inhibit signal transduction in human lymphocytes ex vivo, and do not act via lymphocyte-influencing histamine release.

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Three hundred twenty honey samples were collected from Ethiopia, and categorized into nine monofloral honeys using melissopalynology. Theses monofloral honeys were investigated for their sugar profile, physicochemical properties, and quality of honeys. Sugars (fructose, glucose, sucrose, maltose, turanose, and isomaltose) were identified using high-performance liquid chromatography and physicochemical properties (moisture, water activity, pH, acidity, ash, minerals, conductivity, colour) using the Harmonized Method of the International Honey Commission. Moisture and water activity showed a strong regression coefficient (r 2 = 0.92). Moisture content alone did not sufficiently describe the quality of honey during storage and processing.

The enzymes activity, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and amino acids in honeys are relatively low. However, they play very significant role for honey quality. In this study, enzymes, amino acids and HMF contents of Ethiopian monofloral honeys were investigated. Diastase, invertase and HMF were analyzed based on the Harmonized International Honey Commission method and amino acids using amino acids analyzer (HPLC). Diastase activity ranged from 3.91 ± 0.730 () to 13.6 ± 2.30 [ (L: Lalibella)]; invertase 36.5 ± 1.93 () to 4.85 ± 2.36 (); and HMF 0 ± 0 ( and ) to 3.37 ± 1.73 (). Significant variations were observed among honeys in diastase content, despite being from the same botanical origin. Significant variations were also observed among honeys in invertase and diastase contents. Bees' geographical race and location affected enzymes activities. Lower level of enzymes could be an intrinsic characteristic of Ethiopian honey. Thus, enzymes activity alone cannot be a worthwhile indicator of quality for Ethiopian honey; besides diastase and invertase activity, the quality control of Ethiopian honeys should be supported by HMF parameters.

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