AIm:To note the morphological variations and morphometric details of foramina ovale in dry adult skulls of Indian origin. mAterIAl and methOds: 82 dry adult human skulls of unknown sex and of Indian origin were obtained and variations in appearance and number of foramen ovale were noted. The length and width of the foramina ovale of both sides were determined using digital Vernier calipers and area (A) was also calculated and analyzed.results: Out of 82 adult skulls, the values for the right side was 7.64 ± 1.194 mm, 5.128 ± 0.827 mm and 30.808 ± 7.545 mm2 and for the left side the values was 7.561 ± 1.123 mm, 5.244 ± 0.950mm and 31.310 ± 8.262 mm2 respectively, for the mean length, width and area of the foramen ovale. The shape of foramen was typically ovale in most of the skulls (56.70%) with some bony variations such as spine, tubercles etc.COnClusIOn: There was no statistically significant difference between the two sides in length, width and area of foramen ovale and there was a positive correlation between lengths and areas of both sides. BulGulAr: 82 erişkin kafatasında foramen ovalenin sırasıyla ortalama uzunluk, genişlik ve alanı sağ tarafta 7.64 ± 1.194 mm, 5.128 ± 0.827 mm ve 30.808 ± 7.545 mm2, sol tarafta ise 7.561 ± 1.123 mm, 5.244 ± 0.950mm ve 31.310 ± 8.262 mm2 olarak saptandı. Çoğu kafatasında foramenin şekli tipik olarak oval (%56,70) olmakla birlikte bazı spinöz, tüberküler vs. kemik varyasyonları da mevcuttu. sOnuÇ: Her iki tarafta foramen ovalenin uzunluk, genişlik ve alanı açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark bulunmadığı ve her iki tarafın uzunluk ve alanları arasında pozitif korelasyon olduğu gözlendi.AnAhtAr sÖZCÜKler: Foramen ovale, Morfoloji, Morfometri, Kafatası, Sfenoid
Cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma can present either as a primary disease or as secondary to a pre-existing systemic anaplastic lymphoma. Distinguishing primary cutaneous anaplastic lymphoma (PC-ALCL) from its systemic counterpart requires a complete clinical and laboratory workup. We hereby report a case of PC-ALCL in a young adult, who presented with unusual rapidly progressive ulcerated mass in the neck. Biopsy showed anaplastic large cells, which were strongly positive for CD30 and CD25 but ALK1 gene product was negative. Clinical examination and computed tomography (CT) scan ruled out extracutaneous involvement. Chemotherapy with 6 cycles of CHOP regimen was planned and on follow-up, a complete remission of the lesion was attained.
Background:Percutaneous, image-guided transthoracic fine needle aspiration cytology (TTFNAC) is a rapid, yet accurate, and well-established diagnostic method used in the cytological evaluation of intrathoracic lesions. The study was done to determine the utility of image-guided TTFNAC in diagnosis of intrathoracic lesions.Subjects and Methods:A retrospective analysis of all cases who underwent image-guided TTFNAC of a suspected intrathoracic lesion, in a tertiary care hospital was done over a period of 3 years.Results:During the study period, 124 cases of image-guided FNAC of intrathoracic lesions were obtained. The mean age at presentation was 60.5 years with M:F: 3.6:1. Neoplastic lesions (71.5%) outnumbered the nonneoplastic lesions (28.5%). The most common tumor was adenocarcinoma (25%) followed by squamous cell carcinoma (SCC, 11%), and small cell carcinoma (5%). There was one case each of anaplastic carcinoma, plasmacytoma, bronchoalveolar carcinoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Most of the lesions were found on the right side and upper lobe. Among the mediastinal lesions, we found two cases of thymoma and one case each of NHL)/primitive neuroectodermal tumor (PNET), NHL, and small cell carcinoma metastasis to lymph node followed by ten cases of inflammatory lesions and seven cases of tuberculosis (TB).Conclusion:Image-guided TTFNAC of intrathoracic lesions is a safe method when done by well-trained medical personnel with lesser rate of complications. An early accurate diagnosis of malignancy can be made based on the cytological features; however, further subtyping of the malignancy may sometimes be difficult due to overlapping cytological features. TTFNAC can be a diagnostic tool for identifying nonneoplastic lesion such as TB. Hence, image-guided FNAC aids in early diagnosis and management of patients with intrathoracic lesions.
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