The relationship between octanol/water partition coefficient (KO,) and bioconcentration factor (BCF) of 14 monochloro-to pentachloronitrobenzenes were examined in rainbow trout through waterborne and dietary exposure studies. The results indicated BCF was not significantly correlated with KO, for this chemical group. The role of chemical half-lives and chemical absorption efficiencies are examined as factors that could explain why the BCF of some chemical groups are lower than predicted.
Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were exposed to nine resin acids that included abietic, dehydroabietic, chlorodehydroabietic, dichlorodehydroabietic, neoabietic, pimaric, isopimaric, sandaracopimaric, and palustric acids. Bioconcentration factors (BCFs) for these acids ranged from <25 to 130 among fish that were exposed to mean waterborne concentrations of 0.7 to 3.6 μg/L for 20 d. Total free and conjugated acid concentrations ranged from 1 to 3 mg/kg on a wholebody basis. There was a significant relationship (P < 0.01) between decreasing percentage of conjugated/total acid and increasing BCF. Elimination rates were also monitored over a 10‐d period, although no detectable levels were observed. Based on initial chemical concentrations, it was concluded that the half‐lives of these acids were <4 d.
Chlorinated phenolic derivatives are important chemical constituents that are present in pulp and paper mill effluents. Subadult rainbow trout (Salmo gairdneri) were exposed to six dichloroto terachloroguaiacols, two chlorinated vanillins and trichlorosyringol through waterborne and dietary exposure. Equilibrium concentrations were attained within 2 d in waterborne exposed fish, and bioconcentration factor (BCF) values ranged from 1 to 270 among the guaiacols, less than 5 for the chlorovanillins and 125 for trichlorosyringol. Dietary exposure indicated these chemicals are poorly absorbed and have half‐lives of less than several days. The kinetics of these chemicals are consistent with residue levels reported in fish collected from waters receiving mill effluents where waterborne uptake appears to be the primary mode for accumulation.
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