Background: Collaboration between physicians in different specialties is often taken for granted. However, poor interactions between family physicians and specialists contribute significantly to the observed discontinuity between primary and specialty care. The objective of this study was to explore how collaboration between family physicians and specialists was conceptualised as a competency and experienced in residency training curricula of four faculties of medicine in Canada.
Although low self-efficacy beliefs are natural at the beginning of training, participants seemed to develop in two ways, either overcoming their fears or avoiding them. Identifying the pattern of trainees' responses to allow tailoring of interventions should be investigated by those who run training programs. Interventions could include reassurance, peer interaction and an appropriate degree of autonomy.
L’objectif de ce texte est de montrer en quoi la politique québécoise d’intégration des membres des groupes ethnoculturels minoritaires est problématique dans le cadre du statut politique actuel du Québec. Elle est en partie court-circuitée par l’approche privilégiée par le gouvernement fédéral qui fait la promotion du caractère bilingue et multiculturel du Canada. Sont ainsi créés de nombreux obstacles à l’endroit de la politique québécoise d’intégration et de la valorisation de la langue française, pilier de la culture publique commune. L’approche québécoise entre en contradiction avec la représentation de la « nation » qui est mise de l’avant par le Canada, empêchant la consolidation de la citoyenneté québécoise et d’un sentiment d’appartenance à la société nationale québécoise.
The object of the sociology of law has to date been defined too narrowly. Positive law as conceived by jurists, that is law related to the State in one way or another through the legislator, the courts or the law itself, has generally been recognized as the object of the sociology of law. Sociology of law has therefore remained too much within the legal ideology that dominates not only the legal profession but the overall culture of modern Western societies. It is suggested that the notion of "legal order" should furnish the appropriate object for the sociology of law, provided it is defined broadly enough to cover all the legal orders existing in a given society. This first requires a definition of law not only in terms of norms, rules and principles, but as a living institution that includes all agents and/'or organizations that contribute to produce, interpret and apply the law. And secondly, it requires considering State legal order as just one of all the legal orders that co-exist in a society. It should be sociology's task to identify the numerous non-State legal orders and to analyse the complex set of interrelationships among them and with the State legal order. This broadened pluralistic line of thought follows the leads provided long ago by Max Weber and Santi Romano, which have not to date been paid all the attention they deserve.
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