Purpose:To evaluate the effects of capsaicin on the viability of ischemic random-pattern skin flaps in rats. Methods: Forty EPM1-Wistar rats were randomized into two groups of 20 animals each, the capsaicin group and the control group. A random-pattern skin flap measuring 10 x 4cm was raised and a plastic barrier was placed between the flap and the donor site. After the surgical procedure, the control group was treated with an inert vehicle in the form of a cream applied uniformly to a rayon bandage which, in turn, was applied to the surface of the skin flap. The capsaicin group was treated in the same way, but in this case capsaicin was added to the cream. This procedure was repeated for two consecutive days. Results: There was a significantly smaller amount of flap necrosis in the capsaicin group (35.07%) than in the control group (44.75%) (p=0.035). Conclusion: Topical administration of capsaicin improved the viability of ischemic random-pattern skin flaps in rats. Key words: Capsaicin. Surgical Flaps. Neuropeptides. Necrosis. Rats. RESUMOObjetivo: Avaliar os efeitos da capsaicina na viabilidade de retalhos isquêmicos randômicos em ratos. Métodos: Quarenta ratos EPM1-Wistar foram distribuídos ao acaso em dois grupos de 20 animais cada, um grupo capsaicina e um grupo controle. Um retalho isquêmico randômico medindo 10 x 4cm foi elevado e uma barreira plástica foi colocada entre o retalho e a área doadora. Após o procedimento cirúrgico, o grupo controle foi tratado com um veículo inerte sob a forma creme aplicado uniformemente sobre uma atadura de rayon, que, por sua vez, foi aplicada à superfície do retalho. O grupo capsaicina foi tratado da mesma forma, porém a capsaicina foi adicionada ao creme. Este procedimento foi repetido por dois dias consecutivos. Resultados: Houve uma quantidade significativamente menor da necrose do retalho no grupo capsaicina (35,07%) comparado ao grupo controle (44,75%) (p=0,035). Conclusão: A administração tópica da capsaicina melhorou a viabilidade de retalhos isquêmicos randômicos em ratos.
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