A toxoplasmose é uma zoonose distribuída mundialmente, causada pelo protozoário intracelular obrigatório Toxoplasma gondii. Possui grande importância para a saúde pública, pois acomete os seres humanos e os animais homeotérmicos. A toxoplasmose pode ser assintomática ou apresentar quadros sistêmicos, com casos graves em gestantes e imunossuprimidos, como também provocar problemas sanitários e econômicos nos países em que se encontra. Diante disso, o objetivo desta revisão foi abordar a toxoplasmose como um problema de saúde pública. É de grande importância o conhecimento da doença, formas de infecção em cada espécie, diagnóstico e prevenção. O tratamento é eficaz, porém recomenda-se a prevenção relacionada aos hábitos alimentares como evitar o consumo de carne crua ou mal cozida, verduras e frutas mal lavadas, água contaminada, bem como fazer exames pré-natais com regularidade para a avaliação da evolução da infecção, considerando-se a transmissão transplacentária em gestantes.
The penis represents the organ of the male’s copulation. It is essential to know the reproductive biology and the morphology of the reproductive organs to increase animal production. In order to contribute to this knowledge and provides information on the ram reproductive morphology, the purpose of this work was to describe the distribution, based on light microscopy, of the collagen and elastic fibers in the ram penis. For that, were collected transverse fragments of the penis (root, sigmoid flexure, body and glans) of seven rams. The specimens were fixed in paraformaldehyde for 24h and destined for the histological routine. The extracellular matrix of the ram penis was composed of collagen and elastic fibers. The penis was enveloped by the tunica albuginea, consisting essentially of collagen fibers, which were arranged in two layers: an outer longitudinal and an inner circular. This tunic emitted septa that penetrated the corpus cavernosum. The elastic fibers appeared transversely and longitudinally in the corpus cavernosum, corpus spongiosum, and next to the neurovascular bundle of the penis. This structure was not different to that reported for other domestic ruminants such as cattle and buffaloes.
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