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The lack and/or inconsistent behavior of results found in literature have limited Azospirillum use in maize crops. In this regard, this study aimed at evaluating the performance and chlorophyll a fluorescence of maize hybrids inoculated with Azospirillum brasilense under different nitrogen levels and protected crop conditions with nutrient solution. The experiment was conducted in a greenhouse at Instituto Federal Goiano, Rio Verde Campus. Adapted jars from "Leonard" were used in the experiment. For each bottle, 1.5 kg of substrate with washed sand and vermiculite in a proportion of 1:1 and nutrient solution of Sarruge was used. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design in a 4 × 2 × 2 factorial arrangement with four replications, totaling 160 treatments: four maize hybrids: simple hybrid-H1 (NS 90); modified simple hybrid-H2 (AS 1581); double hybrid-H3 (DKB 310); triple hybrid-H4 (ATL 310); with absence and presence of N (NP and NA) and absence and presence of inoculation (IP and IA). Physiological evaluations of chlorophyll a fluorescence using a modulated portable fluorometer, MINI-PAM model were performed at the end of the experiment. Initial fluorescence (F 0) , maximum fluorescence (Fm), potential quantum yield (Fv/Fm) variable fluorescence/maximum fluorescence), effective quantum yield (ΔF/Fm'), photochemical dissipation (q p), non-photochemical dissipation (q n and NPQ) and electron transport rate (ETR) were determined. On average, there was a difference in ETR of about 34% between treatments. For H4, it was observed that Fv/Fm was lower with inoculant when compared with plants without inoculation, a difference of approximately 11%, on average, was observed in value of Fv/Fm ratio. Due to better efficiency in absorption and utilization of nitrogen promoted by bacteria (A. brasilense), inoculated maize hybrids showed a good photosynthetic performance.

When it is said about quality and quantity of water supplied through irrigation, for common bean cultivation, it is considered sensitive to water and saline stress. The objective of this work was to evaluate the biomass accumulation and growth of common bean plants (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) subjected to irrigation with different water depths, using water with different electrical conductivities. The experiment was carried out in pots under a protected environment located in an experimental area of the Federal Institute of Goiás, Rio Verde Campus, in the city of Rio Verde, Goiás. The design was a randomized complete block design in a 4 × 2 factorial scheme with three replications. 25, 50, 75 and 100% of the evapotranspiration of the crop, and two types of electrical conductivity of irrigation water equal to 0.6 and 3.0 dS m-1. All variables were analyzed using the SISVAR® software, whose mean values for the electrical conductivity treatments were compared by Tukey test at 0.05% probability and water replacement by regression analysis, when significant. The use of irrigation water with electrical conductivity of 3 dS m-1 reduces plant height, number of green leaves and stem diameter at 35 days after sowing, thus reducing dry biomass accumulation and aerial part water accumulation at 20 and 70 days after sowing. The deleterious effects under the dry mass of the aerial part at 70 days after sowing, when using an electrical conductivity of 3 dS m-1, are accentuated by the increase of the water dephts.

There are few studies that demonstrate the influence of water stress in biometric variables and cotton growth. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate different levels of water supply in the BRS 2 cotton growth, in the field of Campus Rio Verde-GO, in 2015. Experimental design used was randomized blocks, with three replications in a split-plot scheme of 5 x 4 with five water replacements (WR) (25, 50, 75, 100 and 125%) of evapotranspiration, and four times of evaluation (ET) during the growth cycle (40-60, 61-80, 81-100 and 1-20 days after emergence). The variables analyzed were plant height (PH), leaf area (LA), dry phytomass stem (DPS), dry phytomass of leaves (DPL), dry phytomass of reproductive organ (DPRO), dry phytomass of aerial part (DPAP), absolute growth rate (AGR), relative growth rate (RGR), net assimilation rate (NAR) and leaf area ratio (LAR). The behavior of PH and LA under the influence of water levels revealed that for a better performance of studied variables, it is important to consider the irrigation management, besides the crop coefficient. Water replacement influenced the cotton growth. Low cotton growth rate was caused by the reduction of water supply until the end of growth cycle.

This study aimed to evaluate the water infiltration, hydraulic conductivity and hydraulic diffusivity in distroferric Red Latosol under different conditions of agricultural and livestock use. The different conditions of agricultural use and soil livestock are as follows: Cultivation of sugarcane, Annual crops, Crop-Livestock-Forest Integration Systems and Permanent Cerrado. Water infiltration in the soil was determined "in situ" by the method of cylinder infiltrometers and empirically through models Kostiakov, Kostiakov-Lewis and Horton. By means of infiltration of water in the soil, the hydraulic conductivity of the saturated soil and the hydraulic diffusivity of the soil were determined. In the evaluation, the following statistical indices were also used: Residual mass coefficient, adjustment coefficient and efficiency. Most hydraulic conductivity, hydraulic diffusivity and infiltration occurred in the then Cerrado area in descending order by the Sugarcane area, the Crop-livestock-forest integration systems and annual crops.Keywords: compaction; physical attributes; anthropic interference. VELOCIDADE DE INFILTRAÇÃO DE ÁGUA EM LATOSSOLO VERMELHO DISTROFÉRRICO SOB DIFERENTES SISTEMAS DE CULTIVO RESUMOObjetivou-se avaliar a infiltração de água, a condutividade hidráulica e a difusividade hidráulica em Latossolo Vermelho distroférrico sob diferentes condições de utilização agrícola e pecuária. As diferentes condições de utilização agrícola e pecuária do solo, foram as seguintes: Cultivo de cana-de-açúcar, Culturas anuais, Sistema Integração Lavoura, Pecuária e Floresta, e a Área de Cerrado permanente. A infiltração de água no solo foi determinada "in situ" através do método do infiltrômetro de anel e empiricamente por meio de modelos de Kostiakov, de KostiakovLewis e de Horton; a partir da infiltração de água no solo foi determinada a condutividade hidráulica do solo saturado e a difusividade hidráulica do solo. Na avaliação, foram também utilizados os seguintes índices estatísticos: coeficiente de massa residual, coeficiente de ajuste e eficiência. A maior condutividade hidráulica, difusividade hidráulica e infiltração ocorreu na área de cerrado seguida em ordem decrescente pela área de cana-de-açúcar, o sistema integração lavoura, pecuária e floresta e culturas anuais.Palavras-chave: compactação; atributos físicos; interferência antrópica.

The objective of the study is to investigate the interaction of lime and gypsum during incubation of soil samples in response to pH and also check the possibility of using more than one treatment for a single model by model identity method. The analysis of the potential hydrogen ion (pH) was performed in the Laboratory of Agricultural Chemistry, Federal Institute Goiano, Campus Rio Verde -GO, Brazil. The soil used is classified as Quartzarenic Neosol loam sandy and its corresponding soil taxonomy is Quartzipsamment. The experiment was completely randomized with four replications in a factorial 5 × 3 design, five doses of lime (CaCO 3 ) -DL (0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 t ha -1 ) and three doses of gypsum (CaSO 4 ) -DG ( 0, 0.7 and 5 t ha -1 ). The sources of CaCO 3 and CaSO 4 , dolomitic lime and gypsum were used, respectively. Incubation was done in plastic containers with 20 ml of soil, and pH analysis was done every two days for 10 days. In general, it was frequently observed that reducing the pH of the reaction in the soil was attributed to higher DG applied together with CaCO 3 . Due to the difference in all models tested by identity models, it is explained that the range of CaSO 4 doses and incubation periods promoted major change in the model either by interception, angulation or both. The reduction of pH in the soil is attributed to higher rates of gypsum used together with lime.

The losses of essential elements to crops make necessary to correct soil fertility to meet the nutritional requirements of plants, which can be achieved by increasing soil organic matter. The objective of this work was to evaluate the leaf nutritional conditions of millet plants grown in soils fertilized with organic wastes from different sources at different rates. Organic matter can make the soil more productive and suitable to agricultural crops. A randomized block experimental design with a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement was used with four replications, consisting of 32 experimental units. The treatments consisted of four organic matter sources (swine manure, sewage sludge, bovine manure, and poultry litter), and two organic matter rates (20% and 40% of the pot volume). Boron extraction was performed by dry digestion—the organic matter of the plant tissue was incinerated in an electric muffle furnace at 450-550 ºC, and the inorganic residue (ash) was dissolved in a dilute acid solution. N, K, Ca, Mg, S, Fe, Cu, Mn, and Zn was extracted through wet digestion—the organic matter of the leaf tissue was oxidized by concentrated mineral acids and by heat. N, P, S, B, Ca, Mg, Cu, Fe, Mn, and Zn was determined by spectrophotometry. K was determined by flame photometry. All macro and micronutrient contents in the millet leaves, and biometric parameters of the millet panicle were affected by the organic matter sources, organic matter rates, and the interaction between them.

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